安装 PyPy 和 IPyKernel 时出现问题

问：

所以首先介绍一下背景......

我正在尝试设置一个 JupyterLab 环境，在其中我可以（合理无缝地）在 Python 内核之间切换以评估代码性能。目标内核将是标准的 CPython（Python 3 - 主要是最新版本）和 PyPy。我正在使用 conda 来管理我的环境。

我已经设置了一个 JupyterLab 环境（在基本 conda 环境中安装 JupyterLab），通过基于不同的 CPython 版本创建各种 conda 环境（我也安装了 ipykernel），我可以轻松地在 JupyterLab 中更改运行时内核。目前为止，一切都好。

因此，要完成这项工作，我只需要在 conda 中创建一个 PyPy 环境（按照 PyPy 说明）并安装在其中。这似乎是不可能的。ipykernel

我的期望是按照 PyPy 指令创建一个 PyPy 环境，将 ipykernel 添加到其中，我将能够在 JupyterLab 中切换到基于 PyPy 的内核（就像我在 CPython 环境中成功完成的那样）。我的期望没有得到满足！

我首先在 conda 中创建一个 PyPy 环境：

conda config --set channel_priority strict
conda create -c conda-forge -n pypy-env pypy python=3.8

这需要一段时间，但似乎有效：

(base) PS C:\Windows\system32> conda env list
# conda environments:
#
base                  *  C:\tools\miniconda3
py-311                   C:\tools\miniconda3\envs\py-311
pypy-env                 C:\tools\miniconda3\envs\pypy-env

(base) PS C:\Windows\system32> conda activate pypy-env
(pypy-env) PS C:\Windows\system32> python --version
Python 3.8.16 | packaged by conda-forge | (a9dbdca6, May 11 2023, 16:56:34)
[PyPy 7.3.11 with MSC v.1929 64 bit (AMD64)]

尝试添加 ipykernel（在 JupyterLab 中启用内核切换所必需的）在经过相当激烈的尝试后失败，并突出显示了许多冲突（为方便起见而缩写）：

(pypy-env) PS C:\Windows\system32> conda install ipykernel
Collecting package metadata (current_repodata.json): done
Solving environment: failed with initial frozen solve. Retrying with flexible solve.
Solving environment: failed with repodata from current_repodata.json, will retry with next repodata source.
Collecting package metadata (repodata.json): done
Solving environment: failed with initial frozen solve. Retrying with flexible solve.
Solving environment: -
Found conflicts! Looking for incompatible packages.
This can take several minutes.  Press CTRL-C to abort.
failed

UnsatisfiableError: The following specifications were found to be incompatible with each other:

Output in format: Requested package -> Available versions

Package ca-certificates conflicts for:
pip -> python[version='>=2.7,<2.8.0a0'] -> ca-certificates
python=3.8 -> openssl[version='>=3.0.8,<4.0a0'] -> ca-certificates
...
...
Package six conflicts for:
ipykernel -> packaging -> six
pip -> html5lib -> six[version='>=1.9']
Note that strict channel priority may have removed packages required for satisfiability.

尽管 PyPy 建议，但通道优先级似乎导致了问题。将其从默认值设置回默认值strictstrictflexible

(pypy-env) PS C:\Windows\system32> conda config --set channel_priority flexible
(pypy-env) PS C:\Windows\system32>

实现看似令人满意的安装：

(pypy-env) PS C:\Windows\system32> conda install ipykernel
Collecting package metadata (current_repodata.json): done
Solving environment: done
...
...
Preparing transaction: done
Verifying transaction: done
Executing transaction: done
Retrieving notices: ...working... done

但是，启动 JupyterLab （JL） 并选择新的 pypy-env 内核会失败，因为 JL 日志确认：

CONDA_PREFIX=C:\tools\miniconda3
C:\tools\miniconda3\envs\pypy-env\lib\site-packages\jupyter_client\__init__.py:23: UserWarning: Could not import submodules
  warnings.warn("Could not import submodules")
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\tools\miniconda3\envs\pypy-env\Lib\runpy.py", line 197, in _run_module_as_main
    return _run_code(code, main_globals, None,
  File "C:\tools\miniconda3\envs\pypy-env\Lib\runpy.py", line 87, in _run_code
    exec(code, run_globals)
  File "C:\tools\miniconda3\envs\pypy-env\lib\site-packages\ipykernel_launcher.py", line 15, in <module>
    from ipykernel import kernelapp as app
  File "C:\tools\miniconda3\envs\pypy-env\lib\site-packages\ipykernel\__init__.py", line 5, in <module>
    from .connect import *  # noqa
  File "C:\tools\miniconda3\envs\pypy-env\lib\site-packages\ipykernel\connect.py", line 12, in <module>
    from jupyter_client import write_connection_file
ImportError: cannot import name 'write_connection_file' from 'jupyter_client' (C:\tools\miniconda3\envs\pypy-env\lib\site-packages\jupyter_client\__init__.py)

将 JL 内核更改为 CPython conda 环境（除了 JL 日志中的一些警告）似乎工作正常（并在笔记本中正确执行代码）：

CONDA_PREFIX=C:\tools\miniconda3
This version of python seems to be incorrectly compiled
(internal generated filenames are not absolute).
This may make the debugger miss breakpoints.
Related bug: http://bugs.python.org/issue1666807
[I 2023-06-30 18:35:24.069 ServerApp] Connecting to kernel 834d68cd-6153-4f99-9beb-ded2e414bc14.
[I 2023-06-30 18:35:24.088 ServerApp] Connecting to kernel 834d68cd-6153-4f99-9beb-ded2e414bc14.
[I 2023-06-30 18:35:24.111 ServerApp] Connecting to kernel 834d68cd-6153-4f99-9beb-ded2e414bc14.

所以，综上所述，遵循 PyPy 的 conda 通道优先级建议，就无法安装 .忽略 PyPy 关于 conda 通道优先级的建议并坚持使用默认值，可以实现看似成功的安装，但实际上无法操作（至少在 和 JupyterLab 的上下文中）。strictipykernelflexibleipykernel

有人有任何建议如何纠正这种情况并启用与 ipykernel 和 JupyterLab 配合使用的 PyPy 的功能安装？