按给定条件拆分给定的 std：：variant 类型

使用 Boost.Mp11，这是一个简短的单行代码（一如既往）：

using V1 = mp_filter<std::is_arithmetic, V>;
using V2 = mp_remove_if<V, std::is_arithmetic>;

您还可以使用：

using V1 = mp_copy_if<V, std::is_arithmetic>;

使两者更加对称。

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或者

using P = mp_partition<V, std::is_arithmetic>;
using V1 = mp_first<P>;
using V2 = mp_second<P>;

编辑鉴于空变体 （） 格式不正确（根据 cppreference）并且应该使用它，我修改了答案（添加了空元组的专用化）以支持 or 的类型列表为空的情况。std::variant<>std::variant<std::monostate>tuple2variant()V1V2

---

这有点谵妄，但是......如果声明一个帮助程序过滤器，则按如下方式对函数进行筛选decltype()

template <bool B, typename T>
constexpr std::enable_if_t<B == std::is_arithmetic_v<T>, std::tuple<T>>
   filterArithm ();

template <bool B, typename T>
constexpr std::enable_if_t<B != std::is_arithmetic_v<T>, std::tuple<>>
   filterArithm ();

和元组到变体函数（具有空元组的专用化，以避免空元组std::variant)

std::variant<std::monostate> tuple2variant (std::tuple<> const &);

template <typename ... Ts>
std::variant<Ts...> tuple2variant (std::tuple<Ts...> const &);

你的类只是 （？） 变成

template <typename ... Ts>
struct TheAnswer<std::variant<Ts...>>
 {
   using V1 = decltype(tuple2variant(std::declval<
                 decltype(std::tuple_cat( filterArithm<true, Ts>()... ))>()));
   using V2 = decltype(tuple2variant(std::declval<
                 decltype(std::tuple_cat( filterArithm<false, Ts>()... ))>()));
 };

如果需要更通用的东西（如果要作为模板参数传递），可以修改传递模板-模板过滤器参数的函数（重命名std::arithmeticfilterArithm()FfilterType())

template <template <typename> class F, bool B, typename T>
constexpr std::enable_if_t<B == F<T>::value, std::tuple<T>>
   filterType ();

template <template <typename> class F, bool B, typename T>
constexpr std::enable_if_t<B != F<T>::value, std::tuple<>>
   filterType ();

类变成TheAnswer

template <typename, template <typename> class>
struct TheAnswer;

template <typename ... Ts, template <typename> class F>
struct TheAnswer<std::variant<Ts...>, F>
 {
   using V1 = decltype(tuple2variant(std::declval<decltype(
                 std::tuple_cat( filterType<F, true, Ts>()... ))>()));
   using V2 = decltype(tuple2variant(std::declval<decltype(
                 std::tuple_cat( filterType<F, false, Ts>()... ))>()));
 };

和宣言也采取TAstd::is_arithmetic

using TA = TheAnswer<std::variant<bool, char, std::string, int, float,
                                  double, std::vector<int>>,
                     std::is_arithmetic>;

下面是一个完整的编译示例，其中 as 参数和空大小写std::is_arithmeticV2

#include <tuple>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <variant>
#include <type_traits>

std::variant<std::monostate> tuple2variant (std::tuple<> const &);

template <typename ... Ts>
std::variant<Ts...> tuple2variant (std::tuple<Ts...> const &);

template <template <typename> class F, bool B, typename T>
constexpr std::enable_if_t<B == F<T>::value, std::tuple<T>>
   filterType ();

template <template <typename> class F, bool B, typename T>
constexpr std::enable_if_t<B != F<T>::value, std::tuple<>>
   filterType ();

template <typename, template <typename> class>
struct TheAnswer;

template <typename ... Ts, template <typename> class F>
struct TheAnswer<std::variant<Ts...>, F>
 {
   using V1 = decltype(tuple2variant(std::declval<decltype(
                 std::tuple_cat( filterType<F, true, Ts>()... ))>()));
   using V2 = decltype(tuple2variant(std::declval<decltype(
                 std::tuple_cat( filterType<F, false, Ts>()... ))>()));
 };

int main ()
 {
   using TA = TheAnswer<std::variant<bool, char, std::string, int, float,
                                     double, std::vector<int>>,
                        std::is_arithmetic>;
   using TB = TheAnswer<std::variant<bool, char, int, float, double>,
                        std::is_arithmetic>;

   using VA1 = std::variant<bool, char, int, float, double>;
   using VA2 = std::variant<std::string, std::vector<int>>;
   using VB1 = VA1;
   using VB2 = std::variant<std::monostate>;

   static_assert( std::is_same_v<VA1, TA::V1> );
   static_assert( std::is_same_v<VA2, TA::V2> );
   static_assert( std::is_same_v<VB1, TB::V1> );
   static_assert( std::is_same_v<VB2, TB::V2> );
 }

如果出于某种原因您不想使用 Barry 简短而合理的答案，这里有一个两者都不是（感谢@xskxzr 删除了尴尬的“引导”专业化，并感谢@max66 警告我注意空的变体极端情况）：

namespace detail {
    template <class V>
    struct convert_empty_variant {
        using type = V;
    };

    template <>
    struct convert_empty_variant<std::variant<>> {
        using type = std::variant<std::monostate>;
    };

    template <class V>
    using convert_empty_variant_t = typename convert_empty_variant<V>::type;

    template <class V1, class V2, template <class> class Predicate, class V>
    struct split_variant;

    template <class V1, class V2, template <class> class Predicate>
    struct split_variant<V1, V2, Predicate, std::variant<>> {
        using matching = convert_empty_variant_t<V1>;
        using non_matching = convert_empty_variant_t<V2>;
    };

    template <class... V1s, class... V2s, template <class> class Predicate, class Head, class... Tail>
    struct split_variant<std::variant<V1s...>, std::variant<V2s...>, Predicate, std::variant<Head, Tail...>>
    : std::conditional_t<
        Predicate<Head>::value,
        split_variant<std::variant<V1s..., Head>, std::variant<V2s...>, Predicate, std::variant<Tail...>>,
        split_variant<std::variant<V1s...>, std::variant<V2s..., Head>, Predicate, std::variant<Tail...>>
    > { };
}

template <class V, template <class> class Predicate>
using split_variant = detail::split_variant<std::variant<>, std::variant<>, Predicate, V>;

在 Wandbox 上观看直播