优化 Python 脚本以实现高效的 YouTube 频道数据提取和组织

问：

我沉浸在一个专注于组织 YouTube 频道的个人项目中，我面临着需要解决的具体挑战。在 YouTube 上，主要有三种类型的内容：视频、短片和直播。

YouTube 上内容类型的上下文： 视频：传统的 YouTube 格式，没有持续时间限制。SHORTS：短视频，不超过 60 秒，采用竖屏格式。直播：鼓励与观众实时互动的直播。

视频部分的挑战：在 YouTube 的“视频”部分，多样性是显而易见的。它包括不符合 SHORTS 分类的预定直播视频和短片。 定时直播视频：创作者定时按特定日期和时间进行直播。这些视频出现在 VIDEOS 中，而不是 LIVE 中。 未分类的短片：时长不超过 60 秒且不符合归类为“短片”（例如竖排格式等）的特定要求的视频。

值得一提的是，我正在使用 YouTube Data API v3 来有效地提取信息。

我想分享一下，我是这个领域的新手，正在学习过程中。感谢您的耐心和您可以提供的任何指导。如果您发现我的方法有任何笨拙之处，我将很高兴收到改进建议。

这是我的 Python 脚本 YouTube Channel Scraper 的相关部分：

import os
import re
import requests
from googleapiclient.discovery import build
from datetime import datetime, timedelta

# Function to extract YouTube channel ID from the provided link
def get_channel_id(channel_link):
    try:
        # Make a request to the provided YouTube channel link
        response = requests.get(channel_link)

        # Check if the request was successful (status code 200)
        if response.status_code == 200:
            # Define a regex pattern to extract the channel ID from the XML feed link
            pattern = r"https://www.youtube.com/feeds/videos.xml\?channel_id=([A-Za-z0-9_-]+)"
            # Search for the pattern in the response text
            match = re.search(pattern, response.text)

            # If a match is found, return the extracted channel ID
            if match:
                return match.group(1)
            else:
                print("No channel found in the provided link.")
        else:
            print("Could not access the link. Make sure the link is valid.")
    except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
        print("An error occurred while making the request:", str(e))
    except Exception as e:
        print("An error occurred:", str(e))

    return None

# Function to parse the duration string and extract hours, minutes, and seconds
def parse_duration(duration):
    duration = duration[2:]
    hours, minutes, seconds = 0, 0, 0

    if 'H' in duration:
        hours = int(duration.split('H')[0])
        duration = duration.split('H')[1]
    if 'M' in duration:
        minutes = int(duration.split('M')[0])
        duration = duration.split('M')[1]
    if 'S' in duration:
        seconds = int(duration.split('S')[0])

    return hours, minutes, seconds

# Function to save video information to a file
def save_video_info_to_file(output_file, video_info):
    title = video_info["snippet"]["title"]
    views = video_info["statistics"].get("viewCount", "N/A")
    likes = video_info["statistics"].get("likeCount", "N/A")
    upload_date = video_info["snippet"]["publishedAt"]
    hours, minutes, seconds = parse_duration(video_info["contentDetails"]["duration"])

    # Convert upload date to GMT-5 timezone, this is my time zone
    upload_datetime = datetime.fromisoformat(upload_date[:-1])
    upload_datetime_gmt5 = upload_datetime - timedelta(hours=5)

    # Adjust for videos uploaded before 5 AM GMT-5
    if upload_datetime_gmt5.hour < 5:
        upload_datetime_gmt5 -= timedelta(days=1)

    formatted_upload_date = upload_datetime_gmt5.strftime("%d/%m/%Y")
    formatted_upload_time = upload_datetime_gmt5.strftime("%H:%M:%S")

    duration_str = ""
    if hours > 0:
        duration_str += f"{hours} hour{'s' if hours > 1 else ''}"
    if minutes > 0:
        if duration_str:
            duration_str += ", "
        duration_str += f"{minutes} minute{'s' if minutes > 1 else ''}"
    if seconds > 0:
        if duration_str:
            duration_str += " and "
        duration_str += f"{seconds} second{'s' if seconds > 1 else ''}"

    # Write video information to the output file
    with open(output_file, "a", encoding="utf-8") as file:
        file.write("Title: " + title + "\n")
        file.write("Upload Date: " + formatted_upload_date + "\n")
        file.write("Upload Time: " + formatted_upload_time + "\n")
        file.write("Duration: " + duration_str + "\n")
        file.write("Views: " + str(views) + "\n")
        file.write("Likes: " + str(likes) + "\n\n\n")

# Function to get channel name and save video information to a file
def get_channel_name(channel_id):
    api_key = "[YOUR API HERE]"
    gmt_offset = -5

    # Build the YouTube API service
    youtube = build("youtube", "v3", developerKey=api_key)

    videos_info = []

    # Fetch videos information from the channel
    next_page_token = None
    while True:
        videos_response = youtube.search().list(
            part="id",
            channelId=channel_id,
            maxResults=50,
            pageToken=next_page_token
        ).execute()

        video_ids = [item["id"]["videoId"] for item in videos_response.get("items", []) if "videoId" in item.get("id", {})]

        videos_details_response = youtube.videos().list(
            part="snippet,statistics,contentDetails",
            id=",".join(video_ids)
        ).execute()

        videos_info.extend(videos_details_response["items"])

        next_page_token = videos_response.get("nextPageToken")
        if not next_page_token:
            break

    videos_info.sort(key=lambda x: x["snippet"]["publishedAt"], reverse=True)

    # Fetch channel information
    channel_info = youtube.channels().list(
        part="snippet",
        id=channel_id
    ).execute()

    # Get the channel name or use a default if not available
    if channel_info.get("items"):
        channel_name = channel_info["items"][0]["snippet"]["title"]
    else:
        channel_name = "Unknown Channel"

    # Modify the channel name for file naming
    channel_name = re.sub(r'[^\w\s]', '', channel_name)
    channel_name = channel_name.replace(" ", "_")

    # Set the output file name
    output_file = f"{channel_name}.txt"

    # Save video information to the output file
    for video_info in videos_info:
        save_video_info_to_file(output_file, video_info)

    print("Information has been saved to the file:", output_file)

# Entry point of the script
if __name__ == "__main__":
    # Prompt user to input the YouTube channel link
    channel_link = input("Enter the YouTube channel link: ")
    # Get the channel ID from the provided link
    channel_id = get_channel_id(channel_link)
    # If a valid channel ID is obtained, get the channel name and save video information
    if channel_id:
        get_channel_name(channel_id)

考虑到这些复杂性，我的目标是优化脚本以实现更准确、更高效的分类。

我一直在深入研究完善这个 Python 脚本的复杂性，以实现高效的 YouTube 频道数据提取和组织。到目前为止，在我的尝试中，我尝试优化正则表达式模式，以便更好地提取通道 ID 并微调持续时间解析逻辑。

我希望这些调整能够提高脚本对视频进行分类的准确性，尤其是在“视频”部分。然而，结果并不像预期的那样。我正在寻求您的专业知识，以获得新的见解和建议。

我提前感谢您的宝贵贡献和耐心！