JS函数来计算互补色?

JS function to calculate complementary colour?

提问人:Pekka 提问时间:11/3/2009 最后编辑:wuerfelfreakPekka 更新时间:9/29/2023 访问量:56181

问:

有没有人知道,从你的头顶上,一个用于计算十六进制值的互补色的 Javascript 解决方案?

网络上有许多颜色选择套件和调色板生成器,但我还没有看到任何实际使用 JS 动态计算颜色的套件和调色板生成器。

详细的提示或片段将不胜感激。

JavaScript 颜色 RGB

评论


答:

68赞 Stefan Kendall 11/3/2009 #1

解析 http://design.geckotribe.com/colorwheel/

    // Complement
    temprgb={ r: 0, g: 0xff, b: 0xff }; // Cyan
    temphsv=RGB2HSV(temprgb);
    temphsv.hue=HueShift(temphsv.hue,180.0);
    temprgb=HSV2RGB(temphsv);
    console.log(temprgb); // Complement is red (0xff, 0, 0)
    
    function RGB2HSV(rgb) {
    	hsv = new Object();
    	max=max3(rgb.r,rgb.g,rgb.b);
    	dif=max-min3(rgb.r,rgb.g,rgb.b);
    	hsv.saturation=(max==0.0)?0:(100*dif/max);
    	if (hsv.saturation==0) hsv.hue=0;
     	else if (rgb.r==max) hsv.hue=60.0*(rgb.g-rgb.b)/dif;
    	else if (rgb.g==max) hsv.hue=120.0+60.0*(rgb.b-rgb.r)/dif;
    	else if (rgb.b==max) hsv.hue=240.0+60.0*(rgb.r-rgb.g)/dif;
    	if (hsv.hue<0.0) hsv.hue+=360.0;
    	hsv.value=Math.round(max*100/255);
    	hsv.hue=Math.round(hsv.hue);
    	hsv.saturation=Math.round(hsv.saturation);
    	return hsv;
    }
    
    // RGB2HSV and HSV2RGB are based on Color Match Remix [http://color.twysted.net/]
    // which is based on or copied from ColorMatch 5K [http://colormatch.dk/]
    function HSV2RGB(hsv) {
    	var rgb=new Object();
    	if (hsv.saturation==0) {
    		rgb.r=rgb.g=rgb.b=Math.round(hsv.value*2.55);
    	} else {
    		hsv.hue/=60;
    		hsv.saturation/=100;
    		hsv.value/=100;
    		i=Math.floor(hsv.hue);
    		f=hsv.hue-i;
    		p=hsv.value*(1-hsv.saturation);
    		q=hsv.value*(1-hsv.saturation*f);
    		t=hsv.value*(1-hsv.saturation*(1-f));
    		switch(i) {
    		case 0: rgb.r=hsv.value; rgb.g=t; rgb.b=p; break;
    		case 1: rgb.r=q; rgb.g=hsv.value; rgb.b=p; break;
    		case 2: rgb.r=p; rgb.g=hsv.value; rgb.b=t; break;
    		case 3: rgb.r=p; rgb.g=q; rgb.b=hsv.value; break;
    		case 4: rgb.r=t; rgb.g=p; rgb.b=hsv.value; break;
    		default: rgb.r=hsv.value; rgb.g=p; rgb.b=q;
    		}
    		rgb.r=Math.round(rgb.r*255);
    		rgb.g=Math.round(rgb.g*255);
    		rgb.b=Math.round(rgb.b*255);
    	}
    	return rgb;
    }

    //Adding HueShift via Jacob (see comments)
    function HueShift(h,s) { 
        h+=s; while (h>=360.0) h-=360.0; while (h<0.0) h+=360.0; return h; 
    }
    
    //min max via Hairgami_Master (see comments)
    function min3(a,b,c) { 
        return (a<b)?((a<c)?a:c):((b<c)?b:c); 
    } 
    function max3(a,b,c) { 
        return (a>b)?((a>c)?a:c):((b>c)?b:c); 
    }

评论

7赞 Jacob 1/5/2011
神奇的 HueShift(...) 函数是这样的: function HueShift(h,s) { h+=s; while (h>=360.0) h-=360.0; while (h<0.0) h+=360.0; return h; }
0赞 Hairgami_Master 12/14/2011
您还需要 max3 和 min3 函数:
4赞 Hairgami_Master 12/14/2011
函数 min3(a,b,c) { return (a<b)?((a<c)?a:c):((b<c)?b:c);} function max3(a,b,c) { return (a>b)?((a>c)?a:c):((b>c)?b:c);}
0赞 Gino 12/24/2013
thisrgb值应该是多少?
3赞 WebWanderer 6/12/2015
虽然这确实做了一些很棒的事情,但缺少大量代码。“HueShift”?.“看到评论”,你说?什么评论?缺乏完整性使这个答案毫无用处。
38赞 Alex Flanagan 2/21/2014 #2

我发现采用逐位补码效果很好,而且很快。

var color = 0x320ae3;
var complement = 0xffffff ^ color;

我不确定它是否是“混合在一起形成 70% 灰色”意义上的完美补充,但就胶片的色彩时间而言,70% 的灰色是“纯白色”。在我看来,从纯白色中对RGB十六进制进行异运操作可能是一个很好的第一近似值。您也可以尝试使用较深的灰色,看看它如何适合您。

同样,这是一个快速近似值,我不保证它会完全准确。

有关我的实现,请参阅 https://github.com/alfl/textful/blob/master/app.js#L38

评论

10赞 professormeowingtons 6/2/2014
这很好用,除非您希望结果始终为 6 个字符长。我建议('000000' + (('0xffffff' ^ '0x320ae3').toString(16))).slice(-6);
0赞 geowar 12/11/2017
嗡嗡声:(错了)0x7F7F7F的反面颜色是什么?0x808080!这并不是很“相反”。带有0x808080的异或会更好(然后颜色距离总是一半),但仍然不是“最佳”。HSL 方法可提供最佳结果。
0赞 Alex Flanagan 1/13/2019
公平,如果你从灰色中解脱出来,你会得到不同的灰色。称其为方法的极限:D
0赞 Lorenzo Gatti 12/1/2023
解决方案是只翻转每个组件的最高有效位,而不是全部:颜色 ^ 0x808080。灰色变成几乎白色或几乎黑色,与灰色形成充分对比。
36赞 Edward 6/6/2016 #3

这里的其他功能都没有解决这个问题,所以我做了这个。

它采用十六进制值,将其转换为 HSL,将色调移动 180 度并转换回十六进制

/* hexToComplimentary : Converts hex value to HSL, shifts
 * hue by 180 degrees and then converts hex, giving complimentary color
 * as a hex value
 * @param  [String] hex : hex value  
 * @return [String] : complimentary color as hex value
 */
function hexToComplimentary(hex){

    // Convert hex to rgb
    // Credit to Denis http://stackoverflow.com/a/36253499/4939630
    var rgb = 'rgb(' + (hex = hex.replace('#', '')).match(new RegExp('(.{' + hex.length/3 + '})', 'g')).map(function(l) { return parseInt(hex.length%2 ? l+l : l, 16); }).join(',') + ')';

    // Get array of RGB values
    rgb = rgb.replace(/[^\d,]/g, '').split(',');

    var r = rgb[0], g = rgb[1], b = rgb[2];

    // Convert RGB to HSL
    // Adapted from answer by 0x000f http://stackoverflow.com/a/34946092/4939630
    r /= 255.0;
    g /= 255.0;
    b /= 255.0;
    var max = Math.max(r, g, b);
    var min = Math.min(r, g, b);
    var h, s, l = (max + min) / 2.0;

    if(max == min) {
        h = s = 0;  //achromatic
    } else {
        var d = max - min;
        s = (l > 0.5 ? d / (2.0 - max - min) : d / (max + min));

        if(max == r && g >= b) {
            h = 1.0472 * (g - b) / d ;
        } else if(max == r && g < b) {
            h = 1.0472 * (g - b) / d + 6.2832;
        } else if(max == g) {
            h = 1.0472 * (b - r) / d + 2.0944;
        } else if(max == b) {
            h = 1.0472 * (r - g) / d + 4.1888;
        }
    }

    h = h / 6.2832 * 360.0 + 0;

    // Shift hue to opposite side of wheel and convert to [0-1] value
    h+= 180;
    if (h > 360) { h -= 360; }
    h /= 360;

    // Convert h s and l values into r g and b values
    // Adapted from answer by Mohsen http://stackoverflow.com/a/9493060/4939630
    if(s === 0){
        r = g = b = l; // achromatic
    } else {
        var hue2rgb = function hue2rgb(p, q, t){
            if(t < 0) t += 1;
            if(t > 1) t -= 1;
            if(t < 1/6) return p + (q - p) * 6 * t;
            if(t < 1/2) return q;
            if(t < 2/3) return p + (q - p) * (2/3 - t) * 6;
            return p;
        };

        var q = l < 0.5 ? l * (1 + s) : l + s - l * s;
        var p = 2 * l - q;

        r = hue2rgb(p, q, h + 1/3);
        g = hue2rgb(p, q, h);
        b = hue2rgb(p, q, h - 1/3);
    }

    r = Math.round(r * 255);
    g = Math.round(g * 255); 
    b = Math.round(b * 255);

    // Convert r b and g values to hex
    rgb = b | (g << 8) | (r << 16); 
    return "#" + (0x1000000 | rgb).toString(16).substring(1);
}  

评论

1赞 AlexanderGriffin 9/16/2016
这很好用。你花了多长时间写这篇文章?一段时间以来,我一直在寻找可以做到这一点的东西,并且还遇到了几个不起作用的“开箱即用”解决方案。
5赞 Edward 9/19/2016
花了一个小时左右 - 我只是拼凑了一些 stackoverflow 答案(记入代码)。
0赞 Paul 5/10/2021
@Edd:嗨,我尝试了你的算法,使用以下颜色它应该给我作为互补色,而不是给我这个。你能帮我一把吗?#00BCD4#d41900#d41800
0赞 Rasmus 7/16/2021
效果很好!对于任何想要较小差异的人,请更改 h+= 180;至 h+= 40;
0赞 pistol-pete 9/15/2022
生成与此 Web 工具一致的值。canva.com/colors/color-wheel
9赞 Stephen Turner 6/21/2018 #4

我没有重新发明轮子,而是找到了一个处理颜色的库。

微小的颜色

这就是您将如何使用它来实现其他一些答案的方式。

color1 = tinycolor2('#f00').spin(180).toHexString(); // Hue Shift
color2 = tinycolor2("#f00").complement().toHexString(); // bitwise
2赞 Mahdi Bashirpour 10/13/2019 #5

RGB免费

function componentToHex(c) {
    var hex = c.toString(16);
    return hex.length == 1 ? "0" + hex : hex;
}


function hexToRgb(hex) {
  var result = /^#?([a-f\d]{2})([a-f\d]{2})([a-f\d]{2})$/i.exec(hex);
  return result ? {
    r: parseInt(result[1], 16),
    g: parseInt(result[2], 16),
    b: parseInt(result[3], 16)
  } : null;
}

function rgbComplimentary(r,g,b){

    var hex = "#" + componentToHex(r) + componentToHex(g) + componentToHex(b);
    var rgb = 'rgb(' + (hex = hex.replace('#', '')).match(new RegExp('(.{' + hex.length/3 + '})', 'g')).map(function(l) { return parseInt(hex.length%2 ? l+l : l, 16); }).join(',') + ')';

    // Get array of RGB values
    rgb = rgb.replace(/[^\d,]/g, '').split(',');

    var r = rgb[0]/255.0, g = rgb[1]/255.0, b = rgb[2]/255.0;

    var max = Math.max(r, g, b);
    var min = Math.min(r, g, b);
    var h, s, l = (max + min) / 2.0;

    if(max == min) {
        h = s = 0;  //achromatic
    } else {
        var d = max - min;
        s = (l > 0.5 ? d / (2.0 - max - min) : d / (max + min));

        if(max == r && g >= b) {
            h = 1.0472 * (g - b) / d ;
        } else if(max == r && g < b) {
            h = 1.0472 * (g - b) / d + 6.2832;
        } else if(max == g) {
            h = 1.0472 * (b - r) / d + 2.0944;
        } else if(max == b) {
            h = 1.0472 * (r - g) / d + 4.1888;
        }
    }

    h = h / 6.2832 * 360.0 + 0;

    // Shift hue to opposite side of wheel and convert to [0-1] value
    h+= 180;
    if (h > 360) { h -= 360; }
    h /= 360;

    // Convert h s and l values into r g and b values
    // Adapted from answer by Mohsen http://stackoverflow.com/a/9493060/4939630
    if(s === 0){
        r = g = b = l; // achromatic
    } else {
        var hue2rgb = function hue2rgb(p, q, t){
            if(t < 0) t += 1;
            if(t > 1) t -= 1;
            if(t < 1/6) return p + (q - p) * 6 * t;
            if(t < 1/2) return q;
            if(t < 2/3) return p + (q - p) * (2/3 - t) * 6;
            return p;
        };

        var q = l < 0.5 ? l * (1 + s) : l + s - l * s;
        var p = 2 * l - q;

        r = hue2rgb(p, q, h + 1/3);
        g = hue2rgb(p, q, h);
        b = hue2rgb(p, q, h - 1/3);
    }

    r = Math.round(r * 255);
    g = Math.round(g * 255); 
    b = Math.round(b * 255);

    // Convert r b and g values to hex
    rgb = b | (g << 8) | (r << 16); 
    return hexToRgb("#" + (0x1000000 | rgb).toString(16).substring(1));

}


console.log(rgbComplimentary(242, 211, 215));

HEX 免费

function hexComplimentary(hex){

    var rgb = 'rgb(' + (hex = hex.replace('#', '')).match(new RegExp('(.{' + hex.length/3 + '})', 'g')).map(function(l) { return parseInt(hex.length%2 ? l+l : l, 16); }).join(',') + ')';

    // Get array of RGB values
    rgb = rgb.replace(/[^\d,]/g, '').split(',');

    var r = rgb[0]/255.0, g = rgb[1]/255.0, b = rgb[2]/255.0;

    var max = Math.max(r, g, b);
    var min = Math.min(r, g, b);
    var h, s, l = (max + min) / 2.0;

    if(max == min) {
        h = s = 0;  //achromatic
    } else {
        var d = max - min;
        s = (l > 0.5 ? d / (2.0 - max - min) : d / (max + min));

        if(max == r && g >= b) {
            h = 1.0472 * (g - b) / d ;
        } else if(max == r && g < b) {
            h = 1.0472 * (g - b) / d + 6.2832;
        } else if(max == g) {
            h = 1.0472 * (b - r) / d + 2.0944;
        } else if(max == b) {
            h = 1.0472 * (r - g) / d + 4.1888;
        }
    }

    h = h / 6.2832 * 360.0 + 0;

    // Shift hue to opposite side of wheel and convert to [0-1] value
    h+= 180;
    if (h > 360) { h -= 360; }
    h /= 360;

    if(s === 0){
        r = g = b = l; // achromatic
    } else {
        var hue2rgb = function hue2rgb(p, q, t){
            if(t < 0) t += 1;
            if(t > 1) t -= 1;
            if(t < 1/6) return p + (q - p) * 6 * t;
            if(t < 1/2) return q;
            if(t < 2/3) return p + (q - p) * (2/3 - t) * 6;
            return p;
        };

        var q = l < 0.5 ? l * (1 + s) : l + s - l * s;
        var p = 2 * l - q;

        r = hue2rgb(p, q, h + 1/3);
        g = hue2rgb(p, q, h);
        b = hue2rgb(p, q, h - 1/3);
    }

    r = Math.round(r * 255);
    g = Math.round(g * 255); 
    b = Math.round(b * 255);

    // Convert r b and g values to hex
    rgb = b | (g << 8) | (r << 16); 
    return "#" + (0x1000000 | rgb).toString(16).substring(1);
}


console.log(hexComplimentary("#ff5a5a"));

来源:更新 https://stackoverflow.com/a/37657940/6569224 答案

评论

0赞 Paul 5/10/2021
嗨,我尝试了你的算法,使用以下颜色它应该给我作为互补色,而不是给我这个.你能帮我一把吗?#00BCD4#d41900#d41800
3赞 Deekshant Kumar 5/7/2021 #6

十六进制和RGB互补这是获得互补十六进制颜色值的最正确和最有效的方法

function complementryHexColor(hex){
    let r = hex.length == 4 ? parseInt(hex[1] + hex[1], 16) : parseInt(hex.slice(1, 3), 16);
    let g = hex.length == 4 ? parseInt(hex[2] + hex[2], 16) : parseInt(hex.slice(3, 5), 16);
    let b = hex.length == 4 ? parseInt(hex[3] + hex[3], 16) : parseInt(hex.slice(5), 16);
  
    [r, g, b] = complementryRGBColor(r, g, b);
    return '#' + (r < 16 ? '0' + r.toString(16) : r.toString(16)) + (g < 16 ? '0' + g.toString(16) : g.toString(16)) + (b < 16 ? '0' + b.toString(16) : b.toString(16));
}

function complementryRGBColor(r, g, b) {
    if (Math.max(r, g, b) == Math.min(r, g, b)) {
        return [255 - r, 255 - g, 255 - b];

    } else {
        r /= 255, g /= 255, b /= 255;
        var max = Math.max(r, g, b), min = Math.min(r, g, b);
        var h, s, l = (max + min) / 2;
        var d = max - min;
        s = l > 0.5 ? d / (2 - max - min) : d / (max + min);
    
        switch (max) {
            case r: h = (g - b) / d + (g < b ? 6 : 0); break;
            case g: h = (b - r) / d + 2; break;
            case b: h = (r - g) / d + 4; break;
        }
    
        h = Math.round((h*60) + 180) % 360;
        h /= 360;
        
        function hue2rgb(p, q, t) {
            if (t < 0) t += 1;
            if (t > 1) t -= 1;
            if (t < 1/6) return p + (q - p) * 6 * t;
            if (t < 1/2) return q;
            if (t < 2/3) return p + (q - p) * (2/3 - t) * 6;
            return p;
        }
    
        var q = l < 0.5 ? l * (1 + s) : l + s - l * s;
        var p = 2 * l - q;
    
        r = hue2rgb(p, q, h + 1/3);
        g = hue2rgb(p, q, h);
        b = hue2rgb(p, q, h - 1/3);

        return [Math.round(r*255), Math.round(g*255), Math.round(b*255)];
    }
}
0赞 Hans Brende 9/29/2023 #7

有一种比在RGB和HSV / HSL之间来回转换更简单的方法来获得互补色(尽管结果相同):

function complement(r, g, b) {
    const m = Math.min(r, g, b) + Math.max(r, g, b);
    return [m - r, m - g, m - b];
}

从十六进制一路走来:

function hexComplement(rgb) {
    rgb = Number.parseInt(rgb.substring(1), 16);
    const [r, g, b] = complement(rgb >> 16, (rgb >> 8) & 0xff, rgb & 0xff);
    return '#' + ((r << 16) | (g << 8) | b).toString(16).padStart(6, '0');
}