无法让 TransmitReceive 在 STM32 核板上工作

问：

我正在将 CubeMx 和 CubeIde 与两个 nucleo-F042K6 板一起使用。我对STM32板的开发相当陌生。

我正在尝试在两个板之间实现 SPI 通信。我使用逻辑分析仪来监控通信信号。

我已将一块板设置为全双工主设备，另一块板设置为全双工从设备。两台机器上的代码是相同的，只是主设备重置并设置了使能线。 我会使能电平，除非逻辑分析仪需要切换来解码SPI信号。

如您所见，我使用 #defines 来选择要执行的操作

当我将 Master 设置为 TX__ONLY，将 Slave 设置为 RX_ONLY 时，结果是可以接受的，但不准确;从站接收到的前四个字符为零 （'\0'），否则消息完成。只要它是可重复的，我就可以忍受它，但我认为这不是它的运作方式。

当我将 Master RX_ONLY 和 Slave 设置为 TX_ONLY 时，结果是不可接受的。主时钟按常输出零 （'\0'）。 不幸的是，从属消息是一堆随机字符。我验证了我在逻辑分析仪的MOSI行上看到的数据是否被主机接收到。

当我将 ht MASTER 设置为 TX_RX_ 并将 Slave 设置为 TX_RX 时，我可以看到逻辑分析器上的 Master 消息已完成。同样，MISO数据线上只有随机数据。Slave 消息是更多的随机字符。

我查看了许多示例代码和文档。他们都认为这应该是一个简单、直接的实现，所以我一定错过了一些非常简单的东西。

我最终想用 DMA 实现 SPI，但如果我必须先让简单的实现工作。

我将不胜感激任何建议和指示。

主代码如下：

Master code follows:



/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
  ******************************************************************************
  * @file           : main.c
  * @brief          : Main program body
  ******************************************************************************
  * @attention
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2023 STMicroelectronics.
  * All rights reserved.
  *
  * This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
  * in the root directory of this software component.
  * If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
  *
  ******************************************************************************
  */
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"

/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */

/* USER CODE END Includes */

/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */

/* USER CODE END PTD */

/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */

/* USER CODE END PD */

/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */

/* USER CODE END PM */

/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
SPI_HandleTypeDef hspi1;

UART_HandleTypeDef huart2;

/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
#define SPI_BUFSZ 50
char Spi_Tx_Buffer[SPI_BUFSZ];
char Spi_Rx_Buffer[SPI_BUFSZ];

int kntr1;
int kntr2;

/* USER CODE END PV */

/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void);
static void MX_USART2_UART_Init(void);
static void MX_SPI1_Init(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */

/* USER CODE END PFP */

/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */

/* USER CODE END 0 */

/**
  * @brief  The application entry point.
  * @retval int
  */
int main(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */

  /* USER CODE END 1 */

  /* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/

  /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
  HAL_Init();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */

  /* USER CODE END Init */

  /* Configure the system clock */
  SystemClock_Config();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */

  /* USER CODE END SysInit */

  /* Initialize all configured peripherals */
  MX_GPIO_Init();
  MX_USART2_UART_Init();
  MX_SPI1_Init();
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */

  /* USER CODE END 2 */

  /* Infinite loop */
  /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
//#define __TX_RX__
#define __TX_RX__

  while (1)
  {
#ifdef __TX_RX__

            HAL_GPIO_TogglePin(LED1_GPIO_Port,  LED1_Pin);
            memset(Spi_Tx_Buffer, 0, SPI_BUFSZ);
            memset(Spi_Rx_Buffer, 0, SPI_BUFSZ);
            sprintf(Spi_Tx_Buffer, "<M->S TxRx:%d>\r\n", kntr2++);

            HAL_GPIO_WritePin(SPI1_CS_GPIO_Port, SPI1_CS_Pin, RESET);

            HAL_SPI_TransmitReceive(&hspi1, Spi_Tx_Buffer,
               Spi_Rx_Buffer, 20, HAL_MAX_DELAY);

           HAL_GPIO_WritePin(SPI1_CS_GPIO_Port, SPI1_CS_Pin, SET);

#endif

#ifdef __TX_ONLY__

            HAL_GPIO_TogglePin(LED1_GPIO_Port,  LED1_Pin);
            memset(Spi_Tx_Buffer, 0, SPI_BUFSZ);
            memset(Spi_Rx_Buffer, 0, SPI_BUFSZ);
            sprintf(Spi_Tx_Buffer, "<M->S Tx:%d>\r\n", kntr2++);

            HAL_GPIO_WritePin(SPI1_CS_GPIO_Port, SPI1_CS_Pin, RESET);

            HAL_SPI_Transmit(&hspi1, Spi_Tx_Buffer, 20, HAL_MAX_DELAY);

            HAL_GPIO_WritePin(SPI1_CS_GPIO_Port, SPI1_CS_Pin, SET);

#endif


#ifdef __RX_ONLY__
            HAL_GPIO_TogglePin(LED1_GPIO_Port,  LED1_Pin);
            memset(Spi_Tx_Buffer, 0, SPI_BUFSZ);
            memset(Spi_Rx_Buffer, 0, SPI_BUFSZ);

            HAL_GPIO_WritePin(SPI1_CS_GPIO_Port, SPI1_CS_Pin, RESET);

            HAL_SPI_Receive(&hspi1, Spi_Rx_Buffer, 20, HAL_MAX_DELAY);

           HAL_GPIO_WritePin(SPI1_CS_GPIO_Port, SPI1_CS_Pin, SET);
#endif
           HAL_Delay(800);

    /* USER CODE END WHILE */

    /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
  }
  /* USER CODE END 3 */
}

/**
  * @brief System Clock Configuration
  * @retval None
  */
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};

  /** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
  * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
  */
  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSI48;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSI48State = RCC_HSI48_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_NONE;
  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

  /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
  */
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
                              |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_HSI48;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;

  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_1) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

/**
  * @brief SPI1 Initialization Function
  * @param None
  * @retval None
  */
static void MX_SPI1_Init(void)
{

  /* USER CODE BEGIN SPI1_Init 0 */

  /* USER CODE END SPI1_Init 0 */

  /* USER CODE BEGIN SPI1_Init 1 */

  /* USER CODE END SPI1_Init 1 */
  /* SPI1 parameter configuration*/
  hspi1.Instance = SPI1;
  hspi1.Init.Mode = SPI_MODE_MASTER;
  hspi1.Init.Direction = SPI_DIRECTION_2LINES;
  hspi1.Init.DataSize = SPI_DATASIZE_8BIT;
  hspi1.Init.CLKPolarity = SPI_POLARITY_HIGH;
  hspi1.Init.CLKPhase = SPI_PHASE_2EDGE;
  hspi1.Init.NSS = SPI_NSS_SOFT;
  hspi1.Init.BaudRatePrescaler = SPI_BAUDRATEPRESCALER_64;
  hspi1.Init.FirstBit = SPI_FIRSTBIT_MSB;
  hspi1.Init.TIMode = SPI_TIMODE_DISABLE;
  hspi1.Init.CRCCalculation = SPI_CRCCALCULATION_DISABLE;
  hspi1.Init.CRCPolynomial = 7;
  hspi1.Init.CRCLength = SPI_CRC_LENGTH_DATASIZE;
  hspi1.Init.NSSPMode = SPI_NSS_PULSE_DISABLE;
  if (HAL_SPI_Init(&hspi1) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /* USER CODE BEGIN SPI1_Init 2 */

  /* USER CODE END SPI1_Init 2 */

}

/**
  * @brief USART2 Initialization Function
  * @param None
  * @retval None
  */
static void MX_USART2_UART_Init(void)
{

  /* USER CODE BEGIN USART2_Init 0 */

  /* USER CODE END USART2_Init 0 */

  /* USER CODE BEGIN USART2_Init 1 */

  /* USER CODE END USART2_Init 1 */
  huart2.Instance = USART2;
  huart2.Init.BaudRate = 38400;
  huart2.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;
  huart2.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1;
  huart2.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE;
  huart2.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX;
  huart2.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;
  huart2.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16;
  huart2.Init.OneBitSampling = UART_ONE_BIT_SAMPLE_DISABLE;
  huart2.AdvancedInit.AdvFeatureInit = UART_ADVFEATURE_NO_INIT;
  if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart2) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /* USER CODE BEGIN USART2_Init 2 */

  /* USER CODE END USART2_Init 2 */

}

/**
  * @brief GPIO Initialization Function
  * @param None
  * @retval None
  */
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void)
{
  GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
/* USER CODE BEGIN MX_GPIO_Init_1 */
/* USER CODE END MX_GPIO_Init_1 */

  /* GPIO Ports Clock Enable */
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOF_CLK_ENABLE();
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();

  /*Configure GPIO pin Output Level */
  HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA, SPI1_CS_Pin|t2_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET);

  /*Configure GPIO pin Output Level */
  HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LED1_GPIO_Port, LED1_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET);

  /*Configure GPIO pins : SPI1_CS_Pin t2_Pin */
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = SPI1_CS_Pin|t2_Pin;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW;
  HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);

  /*Configure GPIO pin : LED1_Pin */
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = LED1_Pin;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW;
  HAL_GPIO_Init(LED1_GPIO_Port, &GPIO_InitStruct);

/* USER CODE BEGIN MX_GPIO_Init_2 */
/* USER CODE END MX_GPIO_Init_2 */
}

/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */

/* USER CODE END 4 */

/**
  * @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
  * @retval None
  */
void Error_Handler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
  __disable_irq();
  while (1)
  {
  }
  /* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}

#ifdef  USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
  * @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
  *         where the assert_param error has occurred.
  * @param  file: pointer to the source file name
  * @param  line: assert_param error line source number
  * @retval None
  */
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
     ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
  /* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */

我更改了时钟频率。

我背靠背放置单独的发送和接收功能。没有喜悦。

我使用过不同的核板。还是一样的结果。

我更改了时钟极性和时钟相位。相同的结果。