安装 scipy 时未找到库 mkl_rt、openblas、lapack - 如何更改库的标志

libraries mkl_rt, openblas, lapack not found while installing scipy - How to change flags for libraries

提问人：G Patel 提问时间：12/18/2020 最后编辑：G Patel 更新时间：10/27/2021 访问量：21975

问：

我是 python 和 pip 生态系统的新手。我正在尝试安装 scikit-image，我想它正在将 scipy 安装为依赖项。我正在使用 macOS 11.1，我知道对这个版本的支持不是很好，因为它刚刚发布，但我能够通过更改几个标志（LDFLAGS、CPPFLAGS）来安装 numpy、pillow 等软件包。

有人可以告诉我我是否可以通过更改一些配置来解决以下安装错误吗？

我已经安装了 openblas mkl_rt库。

(trial) ~/.virtualenvs/trial python -m pip install scikit-image                                       
Collecting scikit-image
  Using cached scikit-image-0.17.2.tar.gz (29.8 MB)
Requirement already satisfied: numpy>=1.15.1 in ./lib/python3.6/site-packages (from scikit-image) (1.19.4)
Collecting scipy>=1.0.1
  Using cached scipy-1.5.4.tar.gz (25.2 MB)
  Installing build dependencies ... done
  Getting requirements to build wheel ... done
    Preparing wheel metadata ... error
    ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
     command: /Users/myusername/.virtualenvs/trial/bin/python /Users/myusername/.virtualenvs/trial/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/_in_process.py prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel /var/folders/ss/d2f4tvvn7fzc42ls4hbrw06h0000gn/T/tmpk55uptaz
         cwd: /private/var/folders/ss/d2f4tvvn7fzc42ls4hbrw06h0000gn/T/pip-install-1v5ec7uf/scipy
    Complete output (137 lines):
    lapack_opt_info:
    lapack_mkl_info:
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries mkl_rt not found in ['/Users/myusername/.virtualenvs/trial/lib', '/usr/local/lib', '/usr/lib']
      NOT AVAILABLE
    
    openblas_lapack_info:
    customize UnixCCompiler
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries openblas not found in ['/Users/myusername/.virtualenvs/trial/lib', '/usr/local/lib', '/usr/lib']
      NOT AVAILABLE
    
    openblas_clapack_info:
    customize UnixCCompiler
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries openblas,lapack not found in ['/Users/myusername/.virtualenvs/trial/lib', '/usr/local/lib', '/usr/lib']
      NOT AVAILABLE
    
    atlas_3_10_threads_info:
    Setting PTATLAS=ATLAS
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries tatlas,tatlas not found in /Users/myusername/.virtualenvs/trial/lib
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries lapack_atlas not found in /Users/myusername/.virtualenvs/trial/lib
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries tatlas,tatlas not found in /usr/local/lib
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries lapack_atlas not found in /usr/local/lib
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries tatlas,tatlas not found in /usr/lib
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries lapack_atlas not found in /usr/lib
    <class 'numpy.distutils.system_info.atlas_3_10_threads_info'>
      NOT AVAILABLE
    
    atlas_3_10_info:
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries satlas,satlas not found in /Users/myusername/.virtualenvs/trial/lib
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries lapack_atlas not found in /Users/myusername/.virtualenvs/trial/lib
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries satlas,satlas not found in /usr/local/lib
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries lapack_atlas not found in /usr/local/lib
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries satlas,satlas not found in /usr/lib
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries lapack_atlas not found in /usr/lib
    <class 'numpy.distutils.system_info.atlas_3_10_info'>
      NOT AVAILABLE
    
    atlas_threads_info:
    Setting PTATLAS=ATLAS
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries ptf77blas,ptcblas,atlas not found in /Users/myusername/.virtualenvs/trial/lib
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries lapack_atlas not found in /Users/myusername/.virtualenvs/trial/lib
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries ptf77blas,ptcblas,atlas not found in /usr/local/lib
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries lapack_atlas not found in /usr/local/lib
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries ptf77blas,ptcblas,atlas not found in /usr/lib
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries lapack_atlas not found in /usr/lib
    <class 'numpy.distutils.system_info.atlas_threads_info'>
      NOT AVAILABLE
    
    atlas_info:
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries f77blas,cblas,atlas not found in /Users/myusername/.virtualenvs/trial/lib
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries lapack_atlas not found in /Users/myusername/.virtualenvs/trial/lib
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries f77blas,cblas,atlas not found in /usr/local/lib
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries lapack_atlas not found in /usr/local/lib
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries f77blas,cblas,atlas not found in /usr/lib
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries lapack_atlas not found in /usr/lib
    <class 'numpy.distutils.system_info.atlas_info'>
      NOT AVAILABLE
    
    lapack_info:
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries lapack not found in ['/Users/myusername/.virtualenvs/trial/lib', '/usr/local/lib', '/usr/lib']
      NOT AVAILABLE
    
    lapack_src_info:
      NOT AVAILABLE
    
      NOT AVAILABLE
    
    setup.py:462: UserWarning: Unrecognized setuptools command ('dist_info --egg-base /private/var/folders/ss/d2f4tvvn7fzc42ls4hbrw06h0000gn/T/pip-modern-metadata-tssa7s05'), proceeding with generating Cython sources and expanding templates
      ' '.join(sys.argv[1:])))
    Running from SciPy source directory.
    /private/var/folders/ss/d2f4tvvn7fzc42ls4hbrw06h0000gn/T/pip-build-env-_26ufpkr/overlay/lib/python3.6/site-packages/numpy/distutils/system_info.py:624: UserWarning:
        Atlas (http://math-atlas.sourceforge.net/) libraries not found.
        Directories to search for the libraries can be specified in the
        numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [atlas]) or by setting
        the ATLAS environment variable.
      self.calc_info()
    /private/var/folders/ss/d2f4tvvn7fzc42ls4hbrw06h0000gn/T/pip-build-env-_26ufpkr/overlay/lib/python3.6/site-packages/numpy/distutils/system_info.py:624: UserWarning:
        Lapack (http://www.netlib.org/lapack/) libraries not found.
        Directories to search for the libraries can be specified in the
        numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [lapack]) or by setting
        the LAPACK environment variable.
      self.calc_info()
    /private/var/folders/ss/d2f4tvvn7fzc42ls4hbrw06h0000gn/T/pip-build-env-_26ufpkr/overlay/lib/python3.6/site-packages/numpy/distutils/system_info.py:624: UserWarning:
        Lapack (http://www.netlib.org/lapack/) sources not found.
        Directories to search for the sources can be specified in the
        numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [lapack_src]) or by setting
        the LAPACK_SRC environment variable.
      self.calc_info()
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "/Users/myusername/.virtualenvs/trial/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/_in_process.py", line 280, in <module>
        main()
      File "/Users/myusername/.virtualenvs/trial/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/_in_process.py", line 263, in main
        json_out['return_val'] = hook(**hook_input['kwargs'])
      File "/Users/myusername/.virtualenvs/trial/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/_in_process.py", line 133, in prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel
        return hook(metadata_directory, config_settings)
      File "/private/var/folders/ss/d2f4tvvn7fzc42ls4hbrw06h0000gn/T/pip-build-env-_26ufpkr/overlay/lib/python3.6/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 161, in prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel
        self.run_setup()
      File "/private/var/folders/ss/d2f4tvvn7fzc42ls4hbrw06h0000gn/T/pip-build-env-_26ufpkr/overlay/lib/python3.6/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 254, in run_setup
        self).run_setup(setup_script=setup_script)
      File "/private/var/folders/ss/d2f4tvvn7fzc42ls4hbrw06h0000gn/T/pip-build-env-_26ufpkr/overlay/lib/python3.6/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 145, in run_setup
        exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'), locals())
      File "setup.py", line 583, in <module>
        setup_package()
      File "setup.py", line 579, in setup_package
        setup(**metadata)
      File "/private/var/folders/ss/d2f4tvvn7fzc42ls4hbrw06h0000gn/T/pip-build-env-_26ufpkr/overlay/lib/python3.6/site-packages/numpy/distutils/core.py", line 135, in setup
        config = configuration()
      File "setup.py", line 477, in configuration
        raise NotFoundError(msg)
    numpy.distutils.system_info.NotFoundError: No lapack/blas resources found. Note: Accelerate is no longer supported.
    ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: /Users/myusername/.virtualenvs/trial/bin/python /Users/myusername/.virtualenvs/trial/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/_in_process.py prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel /var/folders/ss/d2f4tvvn7fzc42ls4hbrw06h0000gn/T/tmpk55uptaz Check the logs for full command output.
python 安装 scipy pip scikit-image

评论

0赞 Juan 12/18/2020
你有充分的理由使用 Python 3.6 吗？大多数 SciPy 生态系统在 Big Sur 问世之前就停止支持 3.6，因此如果您使用更新的 Python，您会找到更好的支持。事实上，我只听说过有人在 Big Sur 上获得 3.9。
0赞 G Patel 12/18/2020
@Juan我试图在我的另一个项目中将 numpy 与 python 3.8 一起使用，但由于 python 版本和 big sur 的一些问题，我无法安装它。所以我从一开始就在这个项目中使用了 3.6。
0赞 Juan 12/20/2020
你试过 3.9 吗？
0赞 G Patel 12/22/2020
@Juan不，我放弃了，安装了蟒蛇
1赞 Prashant Kumar 3/29/2021
我在 MacOS 11.2 上使用 Python 3.8 时遇到了同样的错误。但正如@Juan所建议的那样，我将我的 Python 更新到 3.9，这个问题已经解决。

答：

-3赞 Prashant Kumar 4/1/2021 #1

当我使用通过 pyenv 安装的 Python 时，我遇到了同样的问题。 它缺少一些依赖项或路径未成功添加。

因此，您需要下载所有依赖项并将它们添加到未使用命令安装的 .profile 文件（bash 或 zsh）中：

pyenv install (version)

或者，您可以尝试通过 HomeBrew 进行安装，它会下载所有依赖项/库，并使用以下命令将它们添加到成功运行 python 程序所需的默认路径中：

brew install python

这是一个不错的链接，您可以按照该链接获取详细说明： https://docs.python-guide.org/starting/install3/osx/

然后我注意到你正在使用一个虚拟环境。我建议在全新安装完成后创建一个新的虚拟环境。（我知道这一点很明显）;)

希望这将解决您丢失库的问题。

评论

1赞 Yan Yang 8/12/2021
嗨，Prashant ，您提供的命令和链接用于 python 3 安装。为什么要谈论安装“缺少的依赖项”？

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