提问人:Vinayak Bevinakatti 提问时间:1/7/2010 最后编辑:Alireza SabahiVinayak Bevinakatti 更新时间:3/14/2023 访问量:474020
在 Android 中使用 JavaMail API 发送电子邮件,而不使用默认/内置应用程序
Sending Email in Android using JavaMail API without using the default/built-in app
问:
我正在尝试在Android中创建一个邮件发送应用程序。
如果我使用:
Intent emailIntent = new Intent(android.content.Intent.ACTION_SEND);
这将启动内置的 Android 应用程序;我正在尝试在不使用此应用程序的情况下直接单击按钮发送邮件。
答:
您可以使用 JavaMail API 来处理电子邮件任务。JavaMail API 在 JavaEE 包中可用,其 jar 可供下载。可悲的是,它不能直接在 Android 应用程序中使用,因为它使用了在 Android 中完全不兼容的 AWT 组件。
您可以在以下位置找到 JavaMail 的 Android 端口: http://code.google.com/p/javamail-android/
将 jar 添加到应用程序并使用 SMTP 方法
评论
eu.ocathain.com.sun.mail:javax.mail:1.5.2
SMTP的
使用SMTP是一种方法,其他人已经指出了如何做到这一点的方法。请注意,在执行此操作时,您完全绕过了内置的邮件应用程序,并且您必须在代码中静态提供 SMTP 服务器的地址、该服务器的用户名和密码,或者从用户那里查询它。
HTTP协议
另一种方法是使用一个简单的服务器端脚本,如 php,它采用一些 URL 参数并使用它们来发送邮件。这样,您只需要从设备发出 HTTP 请求(使用内置库即可轻松实现),而无需在设备上存储 SMTP 登录数据。与直接使用SMTP相比,这是一种间接性,但是由于从PHP发出HTTP请求和发送邮件非常容易,因此它甚至可能比直接方式更简单。
邮件申请
如果邮件是从用户已经在手机上注册的用户默认邮件帐户发送的,则必须采取其他方法。如果您有足够的时间和经验,您可能需要检查 Android 电子邮件应用程序的源代码,看看它是否提供了一些入口点来发送邮件而无需用户交互(我不知道,但也许有一个)。
也许您甚至找到了一种方法来查询用户帐户详细信息(因此您可以将它们用于 SMTP),尽管我非常怀疑这是否可能,因为这将是一个巨大的安全风险,而且 Android 的构建相当安全。
使用 Gmail 身份验证的 JavaMail API 在 Android 中发送电子邮件。
创建示例项目的步骤:
邮件发件人活动.java:
public class MailSenderActivity extends Activity {
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
final Button send = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.send);
send.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View v) {
try {
GMailSender sender = new GMailSender("[email protected]", "password");
sender.sendMail("This is Subject",
"This is Body",
"[email protected]",
"[email protected]");
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.e("SendMail", e.getMessage(), e);
}
}
});
}
}
GMailSender.java:
public class GMailSender extends javax.mail.Authenticator {
private String mailhost = "smtp.gmail.com";
private String user;
private String password;
private Session session;
static {
Security.addProvider(new com.provider.JSSEProvider());
}
public GMailSender(String user, String password) {
this.user = user;
this.password = password;
Properties props = new Properties();
props.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol", "smtp");
props.setProperty("mail.host", mailhost);
props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
props.put("mail.smtp.port", "465");
props.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.port", "465");
props.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.class",
"javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory");
props.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.fallback", "false");
props.setProperty("mail.smtp.quitwait", "false");
session = Session.getDefaultInstance(props, this);
}
protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
return new PasswordAuthentication(user, password);
}
public synchronized void sendMail(String subject, String body, String sender, String recipients) throws Exception {
try{
MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);
DataHandler handler = new DataHandler(new ByteArrayDataSource(body.getBytes(), "text/plain"));
message.setSender(new InternetAddress(sender));
message.setSubject(subject);
message.setDataHandler(handler);
if (recipients.indexOf(',') > 0)
message.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO, InternetAddress.parse(recipients));
else
message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(recipients));
Transport.send(message);
}catch(Exception e){
}
}
public class ByteArrayDataSource implements DataSource {
private byte[] data;
private String type;
public ByteArrayDataSource(byte[] data, String type) {
super();
this.data = data;
this.type = type;
}
public ByteArrayDataSource(byte[] data) {
super();
this.data = data;
}
public void setType(String type) {
this.type = type;
}
public String getContentType() {
if (type == null)
return "application/octet-stream";
else
return type;
}
public InputStream getInputStream() throws IOException {
return new ByteArrayInputStream(data);
}
public String getName() {
return "ByteArrayDataSource";
}
public OutputStream getOutputStream() throws IOException {
throw new IOException("Not Supported");
}
}
}
JSSEProvider.java:
/*
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
* contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
* the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
/**
* @author Alexander Y. Kleymenov
* @version $Revision$
*/
import java.security.AccessController;
import java.security.Provider;
public final class JSSEProvider extends Provider {
public JSSEProvider() {
super("HarmonyJSSE", 1.0, "Harmony JSSE Provider");
AccessController.doPrivileged(new java.security.PrivilegedAction<Void>() {
public Void run() {
put("SSLContext.TLS",
"org.apache.harmony.xnet.provider.jsse.SSLContextImpl");
put("Alg.Alias.SSLContext.TLSv1", "TLS");
put("KeyManagerFactory.X509",
"org.apache.harmony.xnet.provider.jsse.KeyManagerFactoryImpl");
put("TrustManagerFactory.X509",
"org.apache.harmony.xnet.provider.jsse.TrustManagerFactoryImpl");
return null;
}
});
}
}
将以下三个 jar 添加到您的 Android 项目中。
如果您不知道如何操作,请查看这篇文章。
不要忘记在清单中添加以下行:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
通过访问此链接,为安全性较低的应用调整帐户访问设置:
https://www.google.com/settings/security/lesssecureapps。
UPD 2023:安全性较低的应用已被弃用。要访问您的帐户,您需要启用双重身份验证,并使用下图中提供的设置使用应用密码:
运行项目并检查邮件的收件人邮件帐户。
P.S.:请记住,不允许直接从 Android 中的 Activity 执行网络操作。因此,强烈建议使用或避免在主线程上遇到网络异常。AsyncTask
IntentService
Jar 文件:https://code.google.com/archive/p/javamail-android/
评论
无法连接到 SMTP 主机: smtp.gmail.com,端口:465
在清单中添加以下行:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
感谢您提供宝贵的信息。代码工作正常。我也可以通过添加以下代码来添加附件。
private Multipart _multipart;
_multipart = new MimeMultipart();
public void addAttachment(String filename,String subject) throws Exception {
BodyPart messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();
DataSource source = new FileDataSource(filename);
messageBodyPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(source));
messageBodyPart.setFileName(filename);
_multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart);
BodyPart messageBodyPart2 = new MimeBodyPart();
messageBodyPart2.setText(subject);
_multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart2);
}
message.setContent(_multipart);
评论
filename
String path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getPath() + "/temp_share.jpg";
这是一个 alt 版本,它也适用于我,并且有附件(已经在上面发布,但与源链接不同,完整的版本,人们发布后由于缺少数据而无法让它工作)
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.activation.CommandMap;
import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.DataSource;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.activation.MailcapCommandMap;
import javax.mail.BodyPart;
import javax.mail.Multipart;
import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
public class Mail extends javax.mail.Authenticator {
private String _user;
private String _pass;
private String[] _to;
private String _from;
private String _port;
private String _sport;
private String _host;
private String _subject;
private String _body;
private boolean _auth;
private boolean _debuggable;
private Multipart _multipart;
public Mail() {
_host = "smtp.gmail.com"; // default smtp server
_port = "465"; // default smtp port
_sport = "465"; // default socketfactory port
_user = ""; // username
_pass = ""; // password
_from = ""; // email sent from
_subject = ""; // email subject
_body = ""; // email body
_debuggable = false; // debug mode on or off - default off
_auth = true; // smtp authentication - default on
_multipart = new MimeMultipart();
// There is something wrong with MailCap, javamail can not find a handler for the multipart/mixed part, so this bit needs to be added.
MailcapCommandMap mc = (MailcapCommandMap) CommandMap.getDefaultCommandMap();
mc.addMailcap("text/html;; x-java-content-handler=com.sun.mail.handlers.text_html");
mc.addMailcap("text/xml;; x-java-content-handler=com.sun.mail.handlers.text_xml");
mc.addMailcap("text/plain;; x-java-content-handler=com.sun.mail.handlers.text_plain");
mc.addMailcap("multipart/*;; x-java-content-handler=com.sun.mail.handlers.multipart_mixed");
mc.addMailcap("message/rfc822;; x-java-content-handler=com.sun.mail.handlers.message_rfc822");
CommandMap.setDefaultCommandMap(mc);
}
public Mail(String user, String pass) {
this();
_user = user;
_pass = pass;
}
public boolean send() throws Exception {
Properties props = _setProperties();
if(!_user.equals("") && !_pass.equals("") && _to.length > 0 && !_from.equals("") && !_subject.equals("") && !_body.equals("")) {
Session session = Session.getInstance(props, this);
MimeMessage msg = new MimeMessage(session);
msg.setFrom(new InternetAddress(_from));
InternetAddress[] addressTo = new InternetAddress[_to.length];
for (int i = 0; i < _to.length; i++) {
addressTo[i] = new InternetAddress(_to[i]);
}
msg.setRecipients(MimeMessage.RecipientType.TO, addressTo);
msg.setSubject(_subject);
msg.setSentDate(new Date());
// setup message body
BodyPart messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();
messageBodyPart.setText(_body);
_multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart);
// Put parts in message
msg.setContent(_multipart);
// send email
Transport.send(msg);
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
}
public void addAttachment(String filename) throws Exception {
BodyPart messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();
DataSource source = new FileDataSource(filename);
messageBodyPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(source));
messageBodyPart.setFileName(filename);
_multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart);
}
@Override
public PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
return new PasswordAuthentication(_user, _pass);
}
private Properties _setProperties() {
Properties props = new Properties();
props.put("mail.smtp.host", _host);
if(_debuggable) {
props.put("mail.debug", "true");
}
if(_auth) {
props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
}
props.put("mail.smtp.port", _port);
props.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.port", _sport);
props.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.class", "javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory");
props.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.fallback", "false");
return props;
}
// the getters and setters
public String getBody() {
return _body;
}
public void setBody(String _body) {
this._body = _body;
}
public void setTo(String[] toArr) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
this._to=toArr;
}
public void setFrom(String string) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
this._from=string;
}
public void setSubject(String string) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
this._subject=string;
}
// more of the getters and setters …..
}
并在活动中调用它......
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle icicle) {
super.onCreate(icicle);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
Button addImage = (Button) findViewById(R.id.send_email);
addImage.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View view) {
Mail m = new Mail("[email protected]", "password");
String[] toArr = {"[email protected]", "[email protected]"};
m.setTo(toArr);
m.setFrom("[email protected]");
m.setSubject("This is an email sent using my Mail JavaMail wrapper from an Android device.");
m.setBody("Email body.");
try {
m.addAttachment("/sdcard/filelocation");
if(m.send()) {
Toast.makeText(MailApp.this, "Email was sent successfully.", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
} else {
Toast.makeText(MailApp.this, "Email was not sent.", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
} catch(Exception e) {
//Toast.makeText(MailApp.this, "There was a problem sending the email.", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
Log.e("MailApp", "Could not send email", e);
}
}
});
}
评论
Could not send email android.os.NetworkOnMainThreadException at android.os.StrictMode$AndroidBlockGuardPolicy.onNetwork
为了帮助那些使用 SDK 目标 >9 获得主线程网络异常的人。这是使用上面的 droopie 代码,但对任何代码都类似。
StrictMode.ThreadPolicy policy = new StrictMode.ThreadPolicy.Builder().permitAll().build();
StrictMode.setThreadPolicy(policy);
android.os.NetworkOnMainThreadException
您可以使用 AsyncTask,如下所示
public void onClickMail(View view) {
new SendEmailAsyncTask().execute();
}
class SendEmailAsyncTask extends AsyncTask <Void, Void, Boolean> {
Mail m = new Mail("[email protected]", "my password");
public SendEmailAsyncTask() {
if (BuildConfig.DEBUG) Log.v(SendEmailAsyncTask.class.getName(), "SendEmailAsyncTask()");
String[] toArr = { "to [email protected]"};
m.setTo(toArr);
m.setFrom("from [email protected]");
m.setSubject("Email from Android");
m.setBody("body.");
}
@Override
protected Boolean doInBackground(Void... params) {
if (BuildConfig.DEBUG) Log.v(SendEmailAsyncTask.class.getName(), "doInBackground()");
try {
m.send();
return true;
} catch (AuthenticationFailedException e) {
Log.e(SendEmailAsyncTask.class.getName(), "Bad account details");
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
} catch (MessagingException e) {
Log.e(SendEmailAsyncTask.class.getName(), m.getTo(null) + "failed");
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
}
您是否考虑过使用Apache Commons Net?从 3.3 开始,只需一个 jar(您可以使用 gradle 或 maven 依赖它)即可完成:http://blog.dahanne.net/2013/06/17/sending-a-mail-in-java-and-android-with-apache-commons-net/
Add jar files mail.jar,activation.jar,additionnal.jar
String sub="Thank you for your online registration" ;
Mail m = new Mail("emailid", "password");
String[] toArr = {"[email protected]",sEmailId};
m.setFrom("[email protected]");
m.setTo(toArr);
m.setSubject(sub);
m.setBody(msg);
try{
if(m.send()) {
} else {
}
} catch(Exception e) {
Log.e("MailApp", "Could not send email", e);
}
package com.example.ekktra;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.activation.CommandMap;
import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.DataSource;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.activation.MailcapCommandMap;
import javax.mail.BodyPart;
import javax.mail.Multipart;
import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
public class Mail extends javax.mail.Authenticator {
private String _user;
private String _pass;
private String[] _to;
private String _from;
private String _port;
private String _sport;
private String _host;
private String _subject;
private String _body;
private boolean _auth;
private boolean _debuggable;
private Multipart _multipart;
public Mail() {
_host = "smtp.gmail.com"; // default smtp server
_port = "465"; // default smtp port
_sport = "465"; // default socketfactory port
_user = ""; // username
_pass = ""; // password
_from = ""; // email sent from
_subject = ""; // email subject
_body = ""; // email body
_debuggable = false; // debug mode on or off - default off
_auth = true; // smtp authentication - default on
_multipart = new MimeMultipart();
// There is something wrong with MailCap, javamail can not find a handler for the multipart/mixed part, so this bit needs to be added.
MailcapCommandMap mc = (MailcapCommandMap) CommandMap.getDefaultCommandMap();
mc.addMailcap("text/html;; x-java-content-handler=com.sun.mail.handlers.text_html");
mc.addMailcap("text/xml;; x-java-content-handler=com.sun.mail.handlers.text_xml");
mc.addMailcap("text/plain;; x-java-content- handler=com.sun.mail.handlers.text_plain");
mc.addMailcap("multipart/*;; x-java-content-handler=com.sun.mail.handlers.multipart_mixed");
mc.addMailcap("message/rfc822;; x-java-content- handler=com.sun.mail.handlers.message_rfc822");
CommandMap.setDefaultCommandMap(mc);
}
public Mail(String user, String pass) {
this();
_user = user;
_pass = pass;
}
public boolean send() throws Exception {
Properties props = _setProperties();
if(!_user.equals("") && !_pass.equals("") && _to.length > 0 && !_from.equals("") && !_subject.equals("") /*&& !_body.equals("")*/) {
Session session = Session.getInstance(props, this);
MimeMessage msg = new MimeMessage(session);
msg.setFrom(new InternetAddress(_from));
InternetAddress[] addressTo = new InternetAddress[_to.length];
for (int i = 0; i < _to.length; i++) {
addressTo[i] = new InternetAddress(_to[i]);
}
msg.setRecipients(MimeMessage.RecipientType.TO, addressTo);
msg.setSubject(_subject);
msg.setSentDate(new Date());
// setup message body
BodyPart messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();
messageBodyPart.setText(_body);
_multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart);
// Put parts in message
msg.setContent(_multipart);
// send email
Transport.send(msg);
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
}
public void addAttachment(String filename) throws Exception {
BodyPart messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();
DataSource source = new FileDataSource(filename);
messageBodyPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(source));
messageBodyPart.setFileName(filename);
_multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart);
}
@Override
public PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
return new PasswordAuthentication(_user, _pass);
}
private Properties _setProperties() {
Properties props = new Properties();
props.put("mail.smtp.host", _host);
if(_debuggable) {
props.put("mail.debug", "true");
}
if(_auth) {
props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
}
props.put("mail.smtp.port", _port);
props.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.port", _sport);
props.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.class", "javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory");
props.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.fallback", "false");
return props;
}
// the getters and setters
public String getBody() {
return _body;
}
public void setBody(String _body) {
this._body = _body;
}
public void setTo(String[] toArr) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
this._to=toArr;
}
public void setFrom(String string) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
this._from=string;
}
public void setSubject(String string) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
this._subject=string;
}
}
用于发送带有附件的邮件。
public class SendAttachment{
public static void main(String [] args){
//to address
String to="[email protected]";//change accordingly
//from address
final String user="[email protected]";//change accordingly
final String password="password";//change accordingly
MailcapCommandMap mc = (MailcapCommandMap) CommandMap.getDefaultCommandMap();
mc.addMailcap("text/html;; x-java-content-handler=com.sun.mail.handlers.text_html");
mc.addMailcap("text/xml;; x-java-content-handler=com.sun.mail.handlers.text_xml");
mc.addMailcap("text/plain;; x-java-content-handler=com.sun.mail.handlers.text_plain");
mc.addMailcap("multipart/*;; x-java-content-handler=com.sun.mail.handlers.multipart_mixed");
mc.addMailcap("message/rfc822;; x-java-content-handler=com.sun.mail.handlers.message_rfc822");
CommandMap.setDefaultCommandMap(mc);
//1) get the session object
Properties properties = System.getProperties();
properties.put("mail.smtp.port", "465");
properties.put("mail.smtp.host", "smtp.gmail.com");
properties.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.port", "465");
properties.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.class",
"javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory");
properties.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
properties.put("mail.smtp.port", "465");
Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties,
new javax.mail.Authenticator() {
protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
return new PasswordAuthentication(user,password);
}
});
//2) compose message
try{
MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);
message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(user));
message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,new InternetAddress(to));
message.setSubject("Hii");
//3) create MimeBodyPart object and set your message content
BodyPart messageBodyPart1 = new MimeBodyPart();
messageBodyPart1.setText("How is This");
//4) create new MimeBodyPart object and set DataHandler object to this object
MimeBodyPart messageBodyPart2 = new MimeBodyPart();
//Location of file to be attached
String filename = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getPath()+"/R2832.zip";//change accordingly
DataSource source = new FileDataSource(filename);
messageBodyPart2.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(source));
messageBodyPart2.setFileName("Hello");
//5) create Multipart object and add MimeBodyPart objects to this object
Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart();
multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart1);
multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart2);
//6) set the multiplart object to the message object
message.setContent(multipart );
//7) send message
Transport.send(message);
System.out.println("MESSAGE SENT....");
}catch (MessagingException ex) {ex.printStackTrace();}
}
}
评论
如果使用“smtp.gmail.com”作为默认 smtp 服务器,则发出警告。
Google会强迫您经常更改链接的电子邮件帐户密码,因为他们过于热心的“可疑活动”政策。从本质上讲,它将在短时间内来自不同国家的重复 smtp 请求视为“可疑活动”。正如他们假设的那样,您(电子邮件帐户持有人)一次只能在一个国家/地区。
当谷歌系统检测到“可疑活动”时,它将阻止进一步的电子邮件,直到您更改密码。由于您将密码硬编码到应用程序中,因此每次发生这种情况时都必须重新发布应用程序,这并不理想。这在一周内发生在我身上 3 次,我什至将密码存储在另一台服务器上,并在每次谷歌强迫我更改密码时动态获取密码。
因此,我建议使用众多免费的 smtp 提供程序之一而不是“smtp.gmail.com”来避免此安全问题。使用相同的代码,但将“smtp.gmail.com”更改为新的 smtp 转发主机。
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suspicioud activity
无需用户干预,您可以按如下方式发送:
从客户端发送电子邮件 apk.这里 mail.jar,需要激活 .jar 才能发送 java 电子邮件。如果添加这些 jar,可能会增加 APK 大小。
或者,您可以在服务器端代码中使用 Web 服务,它将使用相同的 mail.jar 和激活 .jar 来发送电子邮件。您可以通过 asynctask 调用 Web 服务并发送电子邮件。请参阅同一链接。
(但是,您需要知道邮件帐户的凭据)
如果要求将 jar 库保持尽可能小,可以单独包含 SMTP/POP3/IMAP 函数,以避免“dex 中的方法太多”问题。
您可以从javanet网页中选择所需的jar库,例如mailapi.jar + imap.jar可以让您访问icloud,IMAP协议中的hotmail邮件服务器。(借助额外的.jar和激活.jar)
那些尝试将三个 jar 文件移动到您项目的 lib 文件夹的人,它对我有用!!ClassDefNotFoundError
我尝试使用 @Vinayak B 提交的代码。但是我收到一个错误,说:没有 smtp 的提供程序
我为此创建了一个新问题,其中包含更多信息 这里
毕竟,我能够自己修复它。我不得不使用其他邮件.jar,并且必须确保我的“访问不太安全的应用程序”已打开。
我希望这对任何有同样问题的人有所帮助。完成此操作后,这段代码也可以在谷歌眼镜上运行。
编辑:JavaMail 1.5.5声称支持Android,因此您不需要其他任何东西。
我已将最新的 JavaMail (1.5.4) 移植到 Android。在 Maven Central 中可用,只需在 build.gradle
中添加以下内容即可~~
compile 'eu.ocathain.com.sun.mail:javax.mail:1.5.4'
然后,您可以按照官方教程进行操作。
源代码可在此处获得: https://bitbucket.org/artbristol/javamail-forked-android
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我无法运行 Vinayak B 的代码。最后,我通过以下方式解决了这个问题:
1.使用这个
2.应用 AsyncTask。
3.更改发件人Gmail帐户的安全问题。(更改为“TURN ON”) 在此
其他答案中提供的所有代码都是正确的,工作正常,但有点混乱,所以我决定发布一个库(尽管仍在开发中)以更简单的方式使用它:AndroidMail。
你只需要创建一个 MailSender,构建一个邮件并发送它(已经在后台使用 AsyncTask 处理)。
MailSender mailSender = new MailSender(email, password);
Mail.MailBuilder builder = new Mail.MailBuilder();
Mail mail = builder
.setSender(senderMail)
.addRecipient(new Recipient(recipient))
.setText("Hello")
.build();
mailSender.sendMail(mail);
您可以收到已发送电子邮件的通知,它还支持不同的收件人类型(收件人、抄送和密件抄送)、附件和 html:
MailSender mailSender = new MailSender(email, password);
Mail.MailBuilder builder = new Mail.MailBuilder();
Mail mail = builder
.setSender(senderMail)
.addRecipient(new Recipient(recipient))
.addRecipient(new Recipient(Recipient.TYPE.CC, recipientCC))
.setText("Hello")
.setHtml("<h1 style=\"color:red;\">Hello</h1>")
.addAttachment(new Attachment(filePath, fileName))
.build();
mailSender.sendMail(mail, new MailSender.OnMailSentListener() {
@Override
public void onSuccess() {
// mail sent!
}
@Override
public void onError(Exception error) {
// something bad happened :(
}
});
您可以通过 Gradle 或 Maven 获取它:
compile 'it.enricocandino:androidmail:1.0.0-SNAPSHOT'
如果您有任何问题,请告诉我!:)
要添加附件,请不要忘记添加。
MailcapCommandMap mc = (MailcapCommandMap) CommandMap
.getDefaultCommandMap();
mc.addMailcap("text/html;; x-java-content-handler=com.sun.mail.handlers.text_html");
mc.addMailcap("text/xml;; x-java-content-handler=com.sun.mail.handlers.text_xml");
mc.addMailcap("text/plain;; x-java-content-handler=com.sun.mail.handlers.text_plain");
mc.addMailcap("multipart/*;; x-java-content-handler=com.sun.mail.handlers.multipart_mixed");
mc.addMailcap("message/rfc822;; x-java-content-handler=com.sun.mail.handlers.message_rfc822");
CommandMap.setDefaultCommandMap(mc);
GmailBackground 是一个小型库,无需用户交互即可在后台发送电子邮件:
用法:
BackgroundMail.newBuilder(this)
.withUsername("[email protected]")
.withPassword("password12345")
.withMailto("[email protected]")
.withType(BackgroundMail.TYPE_PLAIN)
.withSubject("this is the subject")
.withBody("this is the body")
.withOnSuccessCallback(new BackgroundMail.OnSuccessCallback() {
@Override
public void onSuccess() {
//do some magic
}
})
.withOnFailCallback(new BackgroundMail.OnFailCallback() {
@Override
public void onFail() {
//do some magic
}
})
.send();
配置:
repositories {
// ...
maven { url "https://jitpack.io" }
}
dependencies {
compile 'com.github.yesidlazaro:GmailBackground:1.2.0'
}
权限:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
此外,对于附件,您需要设置READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE权限:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
(我自己测试过)
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我为其他需要帮助的人找到了一个更短的选择。代码为:
package com.example.mail;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
public class SendMailTLS {
public static void main(String[] args) {
final String username = "[email protected]";
final String password = "password";
Properties props = new Properties();
props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
props.put("mail.smtp.starttls.enable", "true");
props.put("mail.smtp.host", "smtp.gmail.com");
props.put("mail.smtp.port", "587");
Session session = Session.getInstance(props,
new javax.mail.Authenticator() {
protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
return new PasswordAuthentication(username, password);
}
});
try {
Message message = new MimeMessage(session);
message.setFrom(new InternetAddress("[email protected]"));
message.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO,
InternetAddress.parse("[email protected]"));
message.setSubject("Testing Subject");
message.setText("Dear Mail Crawler,"
+ "\n\n No spam to my email, please!");
Transport.send(message);
System.out.println("Done");
} catch (MessagingException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}
希望这有帮助!祝你好运!
使用 Kotlin 以编程方式发送电子邮件。
- 简单的电子邮件发送,而不是所有其他功能(如附件)。
- TLS 始终处于开启状态
- 也只需要 1 个 gradle 电子邮件依赖项。
我还发现这个电子邮件 POP 服务列表真的很有帮助:
如何使用:
val auth = EmailService.UserPassAuthenticator("[email protected]", "yourPassword")
val to = listOf(InternetAddress("[email protected]"))
val from = InternetAddress("[email protected]")
val email = EmailService.Email(auth, to, from, "Test Subject", "Hello Body World")
val emailService = EmailService("smtp.gmail.com", 465)
GlobalScope.launch { // or however you do background threads
emailService.send(email)
}
代码:
import java.util.*
import javax.mail.*
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart
class EmailService(private val server: String, private val port: Int) {
data class Email(
val auth: Authenticator,
val toList: List<InternetAddress>,
val from: Address,
val subject: String,
val body: String
)
class UserPassAuthenticator(private val username: String, private val password: String) : Authenticator() {
override fun getPasswordAuthentication(): PasswordAuthentication {
return PasswordAuthentication(username, password)
}
}
fun send(email: Email) {
val props = Properties()
props["mail.smtp.auth"] = "true"
props["mail.user"] = email.from
props["mail.smtp.host"] = server
props["mail.smtp.port"] = port
props["mail.smtp.starttls.enable"] = "true"
props["mail.smtp.ssl.trust"] = server
props["mail.mime.charset"] = "UTF-8"
val msg: Message = MimeMessage(Session.getDefaultInstance(props, email.auth))
msg.setFrom(email.from)
msg.sentDate = Calendar.getInstance().time
msg.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO, email.toList.toTypedArray())
// msg.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.CC, email.ccList.toTypedArray())
// msg.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.BCC, email.bccList.toTypedArray())
msg.replyTo = arrayOf(email.from)
msg.addHeader("X-Mailer", CLIENT_NAME)
msg.addHeader("Precedence", "bulk")
msg.subject = email.subject
msg.setContent(MimeMultipart().apply {
addBodyPart(MimeBodyPart().apply {
setText(email.body, "iso-8859-1")
//setContent(email.htmlBody, "text/html; charset=UTF-8")
})
})
Transport.send(msg)
}
companion object {
const val CLIENT_NAME = "Android StackOverflow programmatic email"
}
}
Gradle:
dependencies {
implementation 'com.sun.mail:android-mail:1.6.4'
implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-core:1.3.3"
}
Android清单:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
这里有很多解决方案。但是,我认为我们必须更改 GMail 的配置,以允许从安全性较低的设备进行访问。转到下面的链接并启用它。它对我有用
https://myaccount.google.com/lesssecureapps?pli=1
对于那些想在 2020 年将 JavaMail 与 Kotlin 一起使用的人:
首先:将这些依赖项添加到您的 build.gradle 文件中(官方 JavaMail Maven 依赖项)
实现“com.sun.mail:android-mail:1.6.5”
实现'com.sun.mail:android-activation:1.6.5'
实现 “org.bouncycastle:bcmail-jdk15on:1.65”
实现 “org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-core:1.3.7”
实现 “org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-android:1.3.7”
BouncyCastle是出于安全原因。
第二:将这些权限添加到您的 AndroidManifest.xml
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
第三:使用SMTP时,创建一个配置文件
object Config {
const val EMAIL_FROM = "[email protected]"
const val PASS_FROM = "Your_Sender_Password"
const val EMAIL_TO = "[email protected]"
}
第四:创建你的邮件程序对象
object Mailer {
init {
Security.addProvider(BouncyCastleProvider())
}
private fun props(): Properties = Properties().also {
// Smtp server
it["mail.smtp.host"] = "smtp.gmail.com"
// Change when necessary
it["mail.smtp.auth"] = "true"
it["mail.smtp.port"] = "465"
// Easy and fast way to enable ssl in JavaMail
it["mail.smtp.ssl.enable"] = true
}
// Dont ever use "getDefaultInstance" like other examples do!
private fun session(emailFrom: String, emailPass: String): Session = Session.getInstance(props(), object : Authenticator() {
override fun getPasswordAuthentication(): PasswordAuthentication {
return PasswordAuthentication(emailFrom, emailPass)
}
})
private fun builtMessage(firstName: String, surName: String): String {
return """
<b>Name:</b> $firstName <br/>
<b>Surname:</b> $surName <br/>
""".trimIndent()
}
private fun builtSubject(issue: String, firstName: String, surName: String):String {
return """
$issue | $firstName, $surName
""".trimIndent()
}
private fun sendMessageTo(emailFrom: String, session: Session, message: String, subject: String) {
try {
MimeMessage(session).let { mime ->
mime.setFrom(InternetAddress(emailFrom))
// Adding receiver
mime.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, InternetAddress(Config.EMAIL_TO))
// Adding subject
mime.subject = subject
// Adding message
mime.setText(message)
// Set Content of Message to Html if needed
mime.setContent(message, "text/html")
// send mail
Transport.send(mime)
}
} catch (e: MessagingException) {
Log.e("","") // Or use timber, it really doesn't matter
}
}
fun sendMail(firstName: String, surName: String) {
// Open a session
val session = session(Config.EMAIL_FROM, Config.PASSWORD_FROM)
// Create a message
val message = builtMessage(firstName, surName)
// Create subject
val subject = builtSubject(firstName, surName)
// Send Email
CoroutineScope(Dispatchers.IO).launch { sendMessageTo(Config.EMAIL_FROM, session, message, subject) }
}
注意
- 如果您想要一种更安全的方式来发送电子邮件(并且您想要一种更安全的方式!),请使用之前解决方案中提到的 http(我可能会在后面的答案中添加它)
- 您必须正确检查用户手机是否可以访问互联网,否则应用程序将崩溃。
- 使用 gmail 时,请启用“安全性较低的应用”(当您的 gmail 启用了两个因素时,这将不起作用)https://myaccount.google.com/lesssecureapps?pli=1
- 一些功劳属于: https://medium.com/@chetan.garg36/android-send-mails-not-intent-642d2a71d2ee (他使用 RxJava 作为他的解决方案)
package io.formics.tourguide
import android.annotation.SuppressLint
import android.content.Intent
import android.net.Credentials
import android.net.Uri
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
import android.os.Bundle
import android.util.Log
import android.widget.Toast
import kotlinx.android.synthetic.main.activity_feedback.*
import org.jetbrains.annotations.Async
import java.lang.Exception
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource
import javax.mail.*
import javax.mail.internet.*
class FeedbackActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
val props = Properties()
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_feedback)
props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
props.put("mail.smtp.starttls.enable", "true");
props.put("mail.smtp.host", "smtp.gmail.com");
props.put("mail.smtp.port", "587");
btnSendEmail.setOnClickListener {
Thread {
try {
sendEmail()
// Your implementation
} catch (ex: Exception) {
ex.printStackTrace()
}
}.start()
}
}
private fun sendEmail() {
try {
val session = Session.getInstance(props,
object : javax.mail.Authenticator() {
//Authenticating the password
override fun getPasswordAuthentication(): javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication {
return PasswordAuthentication("[email protected]", "password")
}
})
val message = MimeMessage(session);
message.setFrom(InternetAddress("[email protected]"));
message.setRecipients(
Message.RecipientType.TO,
InternetAddress.parse(editCC.text.toString())
)
message.subject = editSubject.text.toString()
message.setText(
"Dear Mail Crawler,"
+ "\n\n No spam to my email, please!"
);
//val messageBodyPart = MimeBodyPart();
//val multipart = MimeMultipart();
//val file = "path of file to be attached";
// val fileName = "attachmentName"
// val source = FileDataSource(file);
//messageBodyPart.setDataHandler(DataHandler(source));
//messageBodyPart.setFileName(fileName);
//multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart);
//message.setContent(multipart);
Transport.send(message);
System.out.println("Done");
} catch (e: MessagingException) {
throw RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}
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