定位服务在 iOS 8 中不起作用

我最终解决了我自己的问题。

显然，在iOS 8 SDK中，在开始位置更新之前，需要（用于后台位置）或（仅在前台时进行位置）调用。requestAlwaysAuthorizationrequestWhenInUseAuthorizationCLLocationManager

还需要或键入要在提示中显示的消息。添加这些解决了我的问题。NSLocationAlwaysUsageDescriptionNSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescriptionInfo.plist

有关更广泛的信息，请查看：Core-Location-Manager-Changes-in-ios-8

我带着同样的问题拔掉了我的头发。Xcode 给出错误：

尝试在不提示的情况下启动位置更新 位置授权。必须先打电话或先打电话。MapKit-[CLLocationManager requestWhenInUseAuthorization]-[CLLocationManager requestAlwaysAuthorization]

但是，即使您实现了上述方法之一，它也不会提示用户，除非 info.plist 中有 或 的条目。NSLocationAlwaysUsageDescriptionNSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription

将以下行添加到 info.plist，其中字符串值表示需要访问用户位置的原因

<key>NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription</key>
<string>This application requires location services to work</string>

<key>NSLocationAlwaysUsageDescription</key>
<string>This application requires location services to work</string>

我认为自从我在 Xcode 5 中开始这个项目以来，这些条目可能已经丢失了。我猜 Xcode 6 可能会为这些键添加默认条目，但尚未确认。

您可以在此处找到有关这两个设置的更多信息

根据 Apple 文档：

• https://developer.apple.com/documentation/corelocation/requesting_permission_to_use_location_services
• https://developer.apple.com/documentation/corelocation/cllocationmanager/1620562-requestwheninuseauthorization

从 iOS 8 开始，应用的 Info.plist 文件中需要存在 或 键值。然后，在注册位置更新之前，还需要通过致电或根据需要向用户请求权限。然后，您在 Info.plist 中输入的字符串将显示在随后的对话框中。NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescriptionNSLocationAlwaysUsageDescription[self.myLocationManager requestWhenInUseAuthorization][self.myLocationManager requestAlwaysAuthorization]

如果用户授予权限，则一切照常。如果他们拒绝权限，则不会通知代理位置更新。

为确保它与 iOS 7 向后兼容，您应该检查用户运行的是 iOS 8 还是 iOS 7。例如：

#define IS_OS_8_OR_LATER ([[[UIDevice currentDevice] systemVersion] floatValue] >= 8.0)

//In ViewDidLoad
if(IS_OS_8_OR_LATER) {
   [self.locationManager requestAlwaysAuthorization];
}

[self.locationManager startUpdatingLocation];

具有向后兼容性的解决方案：

SEL requestSelector = NSSelectorFromString(@"requestWhenInUseAuthorization");
if ([CLLocationManager authorizationStatus] == kCLAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined &&
    [self.locationManager respondsToSelector:requestSelector]) {
    [self.locationManager performSelector:requestSelector withObject:NULL];
} else {
    [self.locationManager startUpdatingLocation];
}

在 Info.plist 中设置 NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription 键

具有向后兼容性的解决方案，不会产生 Xcode 警告：

SEL requestSelector = NSSelectorFromString(@"requestWhenInUseAuthorization");
if ([CLLocationManager authorizationStatus] == kCLAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined &&
  [self.locationManager respondsToSelector:requestSelector]) {
((void (*)(id, SEL))[self.locationManager methodForSelector:requestSelector])(self.locationManager, requestSelector);
  [self.locationManager startUpdatingLocation];
} else {
  [self.locationManager startUpdatingLocation];
}

在 .NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescriptionInfo.plist

对于iOS版本11.0+： 在 .以及其他 2 个键。NSLocationAlwaysAndWhenInUseUsageDescriptionInfo.plist

我的解决方案可以在 Xcode 5 中编译：

#ifdef __IPHONE_8_0
    NSUInteger code = [CLLocationManager authorizationStatus];
    if (code == kCLAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined && ([self.locationManager respondsToSelector:@selector(requestAlwaysAuthorization)] || [self.locationManager respondsToSelector:@selector(requestWhenInUseAuthorization)])) {
        // choose one request according to your business.
        if([[NSBundle mainBundle] objectForInfoDictionaryKey:@"NSLocationAlwaysUsageDescription"]){
            [self.locationManager requestAlwaysAuthorization];
        } else if([[NSBundle mainBundle] objectForInfoDictionaryKey:@"NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription"]) {
            [self.locationManager  requestWhenInUseAuthorization];
        } else {
            NSLog(@"Info.plist does not contain NSLocationAlwaysUsageDescription or NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription");
        }
    }
#endif
    [self.locationManager startUpdatingLocation];

询问位置的旧代码在 iOS 8 中不起作用。您可以尝试以下方法进行位置授权：

- (void)requestAlwaysAuthorization
{
    CLAuthorizationStatus status = [CLLocationManager authorizationStatus];

    // If the status is denied or only granted for when in use, display an alert
    if (status == kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedWhenInUse || status ==        kCLAuthorizationStatusDenied) {
        NSString *title;
        title = (status == kCLAuthorizationStatusDenied) ? @"Location services are off" :   @"Background location is not enabled";
        NSString *message = @"To use background location you must turn on 'Always' in the Location Services Settings";

        UIAlertView *alertView = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:title
                                                            message:message
                                                           delegate:self
                                                  cancelButtonTitle:@"Cancel"
                                                  otherButtonTitles:@"Settings", nil];
        [alertView show];
    }
    // The user has not enabled any location services. Request background authorization.
    else if (status == kCLAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined) {
        [self.locationManager requestAlwaysAuthorization];
    }
}

- (void)alertView:(UIAlertView *)alertView clickedButtonAtIndex:(NSInteger)buttonIndex
{
    if (buttonIndex == 1) {
        // Send the user to the Settings for this app
        NSURL *settingsURL = [NSURL URLWithString:UIApplicationOpenSettingsURLString];
        [[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL:settingsURL];
    }
}

- (void)startLocationManager
{
    locationManager = [[CLLocationManager alloc] init];
    locationManager.delegate = self;
    locationManager.distanceFilter = kCLDistanceFilterNone; //whenever we move
    locationManager.desiredAccuracy = kCLLocationAccuracyBest;

    [locationManager startUpdatingLocation];
    [locationManager requestWhenInUseAuthorization]; // Add This Line


}

并添加到您的 info.plist 文件

在 iOS 8 中，您需要执行两项额外的操作才能使位置正常工作：向 Info.plist 添加一个密钥，并向位置管理器请求授权，要求它启动

信息.plist：

<key>NSLocationUsageDescription</key>
<string>I need location</string>
<key>NSLocationAlwaysUsageDescription</key>
<string>I need location</string>
<key>NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription</key>
<string>I need location</string>

将此添加到代码中

if (IS_OS_8_OR_LATER)
{
    [locationmanager requestWhenInUseAuthorization];

    [locationmanager requestAlwaysAuthorization];
}

对于所有拥有多个 Info.plist 文件的人来说，这是一个小帮手......

find . -name Info.plist | xargs -I {} /usr/libexec/PlistBuddy -c 'Add NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription string' {} 

它会将所需的标记添加到当前目录（和子文件夹）中的所有 Info.plist 文件。

另一个是：

find . -name Info.plist | xargs -I {} /usr/libexec/PlistBuddy -c 'Set NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription $YOURDESCRIPTION' {} 

它会将您的描述添加到所有文件中。

在此之前，添加 iOS8 位置服务请求：[locationManager startUpdatingLocation];

if([locationManager respondsToSelector:@selector(requestAlwaysAuthorization)])
    [locationManager requestAlwaysAuthorization];

编辑应用并添加包含将向用户显示的字符串值的键（例如，Info.plistNSLocationAlwaysUsageDescriptionWe do our best to preserve your battery life.)

如果您的应用仅在应用打开时才需要定位服务，请替换：

requestAlwaysAuthorizationwith 和requestWhenInUseAuthorization

NSLocationAlwaysUsageDescription跟。NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription

1. 添加键或（后台 GPS 使用）与字符串要求在每个目标上使用 GPS。NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescriptionNSLocationAlwaysUsageDescriptioninfo.plist

2. 通过运行以下命令请求权限：

   [self initLocationManager：locationManager];

在哪里：initLocationManager

// asks for GPS authorization on iOS 8
-(void) initLocationManager:(CLLocationManager *) locationManager{

    locationManager = [[CLLocationManager alloc]init];

    if([locationManager respondsToSelector:@selector(requestAlwaysAuthorization)])
        [locationManager requestAlwaysAuthorization];
}

请记住，如果每个目标的键都不在键上，则应用不会询问用户。提供与 iOS 7 的兼容性，该方法保证未来的兼容性，而不仅仅是解决 iOS 7 和 8 的问题。info.plistifrespondsToSelector:

要在iOS 8中访问用户位置，您必须添加，

NSLocationAlwaysUsageDescription in the Info.plist 

这将要求用户提供获取其当前位置的权限。

        // ** Don't forget to add NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription in MyApp-Info.plist and give it a string

        self.locationManager = [[CLLocationManager alloc] init];
        self.locationManager.delegate = self;
        // Check for iOS 8. Without this guard the code will crash with "unknown selector" on iOS 7.
        if ([self.locationManager respondsToSelector:@selector(requestWhenInUseAuthorization)]) {
            [self.locationManager requestWhenInUseAuthorization];
        }
        [self.locationManager startUpdatingLocation];


    // Location Manager Delegate Methods    
    - (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didUpdateLocations:(NSArray *)locations
    {
        NSLog(@"%@", [locations lastObject]);

}

对于使用 Xamarin 的用户，我必须手动将密钥 NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription 添加到 info.plist，因为它在 Xamarin 5.5.3 Build 6 或 XCode 6.1 的下拉列表中不可用 - 仅在列表中，这导致它继续以静默方式失败。NSLocationUsageDescriptionCLLocationManager

我正在开发一个升级到 iOS 8 的应用程序，但定位服务停止工作。您可能会在“调试”区域中遇到错误，如下所示：

Trying to start MapKit location updates without prompting for location authorization. Must call -[CLLocationManager requestWhenInUseAuthorization] or -[CLLocationManager requestAlwaysAuthorization] first.

我做了侵入性最小的程序。首先将条目添加到您的 info.plist：NSLocationAlwaysUsageDescription

请注意，我没有填写此键的值。这仍然有效，我并不担心，因为这是一个内部应用程序。此外，已经有一个标题要求使用定位服务，所以我不想做任何多余的事情。

接下来，我为 iOS 8 创建了一个条件：

if ([self.locationManager respondsToSelector:@selector(requestAlwaysAuthorization)]) {
    [_locationManager requestAlwaysAuthorization];
}

在此之后，调用该方法：locationManager:didChangeAuthorizationStatus:

- (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didChangeAuthorizationStatus:  (CLAuthorizationStatus)status
{
    [self gotoCurrenLocation];
}

现在一切正常。与往常一样，请查看文档。

- (void)viewDidLoad
{
    
    [super viewDidLoad];
    self.locationManager = [[CLLocationManager alloc] init];
    
    self.locationManager.delegate = self;
    if([self.locationManager respondsToSelector:@selector(requestAlwaysAuthorization)]){
        NSUInteger code = [CLLocationManager authorizationStatus];
        if (code == kCLAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined && ([self.locationManager respondsToSelector:@selector(requestAlwaysAuthorization)] || [self.locationManager respondsToSelector:@selector(requestWhenInUseAuthorization)])) {
            // choose one request according to your business.
            if([[NSBundle mainBundle] objectForInfoDictionaryKey:@"NSLocationAlwaysUsageDescription"]){
                [self.locationManager requestAlwaysAuthorization];
            } else if([[NSBundle mainBundle] objectForInfoDictionaryKey:@"NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription"]) {
                [self.locationManager  requestWhenInUseAuthorization];
            } else {
                NSLog(@"Info.plist does not contain NSLocationAlwaysUsageDescription or NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription");
            }
        }
    }
    [self.locationManager startUpdatingLocation];
}

>  #pragma mark - CLLocationManagerDelegate

    - (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didFailWithError:(NSError *)error
    {
        NSLog(@"didFailWithError: %@", error);
        UIAlertView *errorAlert = [[UIAlertView alloc]
                                   initWithTitle:@"Error" message:@"Failed to Get Your Location" delegate:nil cancelButtonTitle:@"OK" otherButtonTitles:nil];
        [errorAlert show];
    }
    
    - (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didUpdateToLocation:(CLLocation *)newLocation fromLocation:(CLLocation *)oldLocation
    {
        NSLog(@"didUpdateToLocation: %@", newLocation);
        CLLocation *currentLocation = newLocation;
        
        if (currentLocation != nil) {
            longitudeLabel.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%.8f", currentLocation.coordinate.longitude];
            latitudeLabel.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%.8f", currentLocation.coordinate.latitude];
        }
    }

在 iOS 8 中，您需要做两件额外的事情才能使位置正常工作： 添加 Info.plist 的密钥，并从该位置请求授权 经理要求它开始。有两个 Info.plist 键用于新的 位置授权。其中一个或两个密钥是必需的。如果 这两个键都不存在，您可以调用 startUpdatingLocation，但 位置管理器实际上不会启动。它不会发送失败 给委托的消息（因为它从未启动过，所以它不能 失败）。如果您添加一个或两个键但忘记了，它也会失败 显式请求授权。所以你需要做的第一件事 是将以下一个或两个键添加到 Info.plist 文件：

• NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription
• NSLocationAlwaysUsageDescription

这两个键都采用字符串

这是对您为什么需要定位服务的描述。您可以 输入一个字符串，例如“需要位置才能找出您所在的位置” 与 iOS 7 一样，可以在 InfoPlist.strings 文件中进行本地化。

Swift 开发人员的一个常见错误：

首先，确保将 或 的值添加到 plist 中。NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescriptionNSLocationAlwaysUsageDescription

如果您仍然没有看到请求授权的弹出窗口，请查看您是否将该行放在 View Controller 的方法中。如果你这样做了，那么即使你打电话，也不会显示任何内容。这是因为在 viewDidLoad 执行后，locationManager 变量将被释放（清除）。var locationManager = CLLocationManager()viewDidLoadlocationManager.requestWhenInUseAuthorization()

解决方案是将该行定位在类方法的顶部。var locationManager = CLLocationManager()

对我来说，问题是作为私有的类是私有的，这阻止了所有委托方法的调用。我想这不是一个很常见的情况，但我想我会提到它，以防万一对任何人有帮助。CLLocationManagerDelegate

我在iOS 8.4，iPad mini 2中添加了这些键。它也有效。我没有在我的 .InfoPlist.stringsNSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescriptionInfo.plist

---

InfoPlist.strings：

"NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription" = "I need GPS information....";

---

它说，基于这个线程，可以在 InfoPlist.strings 中本地化。在我的测试中，这些键可以直接在文件中配置。as in iOS 7InfoPlist.strings

因此，您需要做的第一件事是将以下>项中的一个或两个添加到 Info.plist 文件中：

• NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription
• NSLocationAlwaysUsageDescription

这两个键都采用一个字符串，该字符串描述了为什么 需要定位服务。您可以输入类似“位置是”位置是 需要找出你在哪里“，就像在 iOS 7 中一样，可以是 在 InfoPlist.strings 文件中本地化。

---

更新：

我认为@IOS的方法更好。将 key 添加到空值，并将本地化字符串添加到 。Info.plistInfoPlist.strings

让 Cocoa Keys 信息始终触手可及，以便进行这些更新，这里是链接：

https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/General/Reference/InfoPlistKeyReference/Articles/CocoaKeys.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40009251-SW26

享受。

这是ios 8的问题 将此添加到代码中

if (IS_OS_8_OR_LATER)
{
    [locationmanager requestWhenInUseAuthorization];

    [locationmanager requestAlwaysAuthorization];
}

和 info.plist：

 <key>NSLocationUsageDescription</key>
 <string>I need location</string>
 <key>NSLocationAlwaysUsageDescription</key>
 <string>I need location</string>
 <key>NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription</key>
 <string>I need location</string>

我在 iOS 9 中遇到类似的错误（使用 Xcode 7 和 Swift 2）：

尝试在不提示位置授权的情况下启动 MapKit 位置更新。必须先调用 -[CLLocationManager requestWhenInUseAuthorization] 或 -[CLLocationManager requestAlwaysAuthorization]。

我正在学习教程，但导师使用的是 iOS 8 和 Swift 1.2。Xcode 7 和 Swift 2 中有一些变化。我找到了这段代码，它对我来说工作正常：

import UIKit
import MapKit
import CoreLocation

class MapViewController: UIViewController, MKMapViewDelegate, CLLocationManagerDelegate {

    // MARK: Properties
    @IBOutlet weak var mapView: MKMapView!

    let locationManager = CLLocationManager()

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()

        self.locationManager.delegate = self
        self.locationManager.desiredAccuracy = kCLLocationAccuracyBest
        self.locationManager.requestWhenInUseAuthorization()
        self.locationManager.startUpdatingLocation()
        self.mapView.showsUserLocation = true

    }

    // MARK: - Location Delegate Methods

    func locationManager(manager: CLLocationManager, didUpdateLocations locations: [CLLocation]) {
        let location = locations.last
        let center = CLLocationCoordinate2D(latitude: location!.coordinate.latitude, longitude: location!.coordinate.longitude)
        let region = MKCoordinateRegion(center: center, span: MKCoordinateSpan(latitudeDelta: 1, longitudeDelta: 1))
        self.mapView.setRegion(region, animated: true)
    }

    func locationManager(manager: CLLocationManager, didFailWithError error: NSError) {
        print("Errors: " + error.localizedDescription)
    }
}

最后，我把它放在info.plist中： Information 属性列表：NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription 值：应用需要员工的位置服务器

为了在 iOS 中访问用户的位置，您需要添加两个密钥，

NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription

NSLocationAlwaysUsageDescription

添加到 Info.plist 文件中。

    <key>NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription</key>
    <string>Because I want to know where you are!</string>
    <key>NSLocationAlwaysUsageDescription</key>
    <string>Want to know where you are!</string>

请参见下图。

Objective-C 过程

请按照以下说明操作：

对于iOS 11

对于iOS 11，请看这个答案： iOS 11位置访问

您需要将两个密钥添加到 plist 中并提供一条消息，如下图所示：

 1. NSLocationAlwaysAndWhenInUseUsageDescription
 2. NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription
 3. NSLocationAlwaysUsageDescription

对于 iOS 10 及更低版本：

NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription

locationManager = [[CLLocationManager alloc] init];
locationManager.delegate = self;
locationManager.desiredAccuracy = kCLLocationAccuracyThreeKilometers;
if([locationManager respondsToSelector:@selector(requestWhenInUseAuthorization)]) {
    [locationManager requestWhenInUseAuthorization];
} else {
    [locationManager startUpdatingLocation];
}

委托方法

#pragma mark - Lolcation Update
- (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didFailWithError:(NSError *)error
{
    NSLog(@"didFailWithError: %@", error);
    UIAlertView *errorAlert = [[UIAlertView alloc]
                               initWithTitle:@"Error" message:@"Failed to Get Your Location" delegate:nil cancelButtonTitle:@"OK" otherButtonTitles:nil];
    [errorAlert show];
}
-(void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didChangeAuthorizationStatus:(CLAuthorizationStatus)status
{
    switch (status) {
        case kCLAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
        case kCLAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
        case kCLAuthorizationStatusDenied:
        {
            // Do some error handling
        }
            break;

        default: {
            [locationManager startUpdatingLocation];
        }
            break;
    }
}
- (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager
     didUpdateLocations:(NSArray *)locations
{
    CLLocation *location = [locations lastObject];
    userLatitude =  [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%f", location.coordinate.latitude];
    userLongitude = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%f", location.coordinate.longitude];
    [locationManager stopUpdatingLocation];
}

快速程序

请按照以下说明操作：

对于iOS 11

对于iOS 11，请看一下这个答案： iOS 11位置访问

您需要在 plist 中添加两个键并提供一条消息，如下图所示：

 1. NSLocationAlwaysAndWhenInUseUsageDescription
 2. NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription
 3. NSLocationAlwaysUsageDescription

对于 iOS 10 及更低版本：

import CoreLocation
class ViewController: UIViewController, CLLocationManagerDelegate {
var locationManager = CLLocationManager()

//MARK- Update Location
func updateMyLocation() {
    locationManager.delegate = self;
    locationManager.desiredAccuracy = kCLLocationAccuracyThreeKilometers;
    if locationManager.respondsToSelector(#selector(CLLocationManager.requestWhenInUseAuthorization)) {
       locationManager.requestWhenInUseAuthorization()
    }
    else {
        locationManager.startUpdatingLocation()
    }
}

委托方法

//MARK: Location Update
func locationManager(manager: CLLocationManager, didFailWithError error: NSError) {
    NSLog("Error to update location :%@", error)
}
func locationManager(manager: CLLocationManager, didChangeAuthorizationStatus status: CLAuthorizationStatus) {
    switch status {
    case .NotDetermined: break
    case .Restricted: break
    case .Denied:
            NSLog("do some error handling")
        break
    default:
        locationManager.startUpdatingLocation()
    }
}
func locationManager(manager: CLLocationManager, didUpdateLocations locations: [CLLocation]) {
     let location = locations.last! as CLLocation
    var latitude = location.coordinate.latitude
    var longitude = location.coordinate.longitude
}