在 Ubuntu 服务器上安装 Tidyverse 并出现“curl”错误

问：

我有一个 ubuntu 服务器 18.04，想更新我的 curl 库以使用 sftp 协议。 我按照这个解释强制使用更新的版本。 它不起作用，现在 tidyverse 不想 lod 和安装。 我尝试了这种方式，但没有结果。

> install.packages('tidyverse')
Installation du package dans ‘/usr/local/lib/R/site-library’
(car ‘lib’ n'est pas spécifié)
installation des dépendances ‘curl’, ‘httr’

essai de l'URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/src/contrib/curl_5.0.0.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 682047 bytes (666 KB)
==================================================
downloaded 666 KB

essai de l'URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/src/contrib/httr_1.4.5.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 160874 bytes (157 KB)
==================================================
downloaded 157 KB

essai de l'URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/src/contrib/tidyverse_2.0.0.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 704618 bytes (688 KB)
==================================================
downloaded 688 KB

* installing *source* package ‘curl’ ...
** package ‘curl’ correctement décompressé et sommes MD5 vérifiées
** using staged installation
Found pkg-config cflags and libs!
Using PKG_CFLAGS=-I/usr/local/include
Using PKG_LIBS=-L/usr/local/lib -lcurl
** libs
rm -f curl.so callbacks.o curl.o download.o escape.o fetch.o form.o getdate.o handle.o ieproxy.o init.o interrupt.o multi.o nslookup.o options.o reflist.o split.o ssl.o typechecking.o utils.o version.o winidn.o writer.o
gcc -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include -DSTRICT_R_HEADERS    -fvisibility=hidden -fpic  -g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-kt0bjq/r-base-4.2.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2  -c callbacks.c -o callbacks.o
gcc -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include -DSTRICT_R_HEADERS    -fvisibility=hidden -fpic  -g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-kt0bjq/r-base-4.2.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2  -c curl.c -o curl.o
gcc -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include -DSTRICT_R_HEADERS    -fvisibility=hidden -fpic  -g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-kt0bjq/r-base-4.2.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2  -c download.c -o download.ogcc -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include -DSTRICT_R_HEADERS    -fvisibility=hidden -fpic  -g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-kt0bjq/r-base-4.2.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2  -c escape.c -o escape.o
gcc -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include -DSTRICT_R_HEADERS    -fvisibility=hidden -fpic  -g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-kt0bjq/r-base-4.2.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2  -c fetch.c -o fetch.o
gcc -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include -DSTRICT_R_HEADERS    -fvisibility=hidden -fpic  -g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-kt0bjq/r-base-4.2.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2  -c form.c -o form.o
gcc -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include -DSTRICT_R_HEADERS    -fvisibility=hidden -fpic  -g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-kt0bjq/r-base-4.2.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2  -c getdate.c -o getdate.o
gcc -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include -DSTRICT_R_HEADERS    -fvisibility=hidden -fpic  -g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-kt0bjq/r-base-4.2.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2  -c handle.c -o handle.o
gcc -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include -DSTRICT_R_HEADERS    -fvisibility=hidden -fpic  -g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-kt0bjq/r-base-4.2.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2  -c ieproxy.c -o ieproxy.o
gcc -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include -DSTRICT_R_HEADERS    -fvisibility=hidden -fpic  -g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-kt0bjq/r-base-4.2.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2  -c init.c -o init.o
gcc -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include -DSTRICT_R_HEADERS    -fvisibility=hidden -fpic  -g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-kt0bjq/r-base-4.2.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2  -c interrupt.c -o interrupt.o
gcc -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include -DSTRICT_R_HEADERS    -fvisibility=hidden -fpic  -g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-kt0bjq/r-base-4.2.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2  -c multi.c -o multi.o
gcc -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include -DSTRICT_R_HEADERS    -fvisibility=hidden -fpic  -g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-kt0bjq/r-base-4.2.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2  -c nslookup.c -o nslookup.ogcc -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include -DSTRICT_R_HEADERS    -fvisibility=hidden -fpic  -g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-kt0bjq/r-base-4.2.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2  -c options.c -o options.o
gcc -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include -DSTRICT_R_HEADERS    -fvisibility=hidden -fpic  -g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-kt0bjq/r-base-4.2.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2  -c reflist.c -o reflist.o
gcc -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include -DSTRICT_R_HEADERS    -fvisibility=hidden -fpic  -g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-kt0bjq/r-base-4.2.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2  -c split.c -o split.o
gcc -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include -DSTRICT_R_HEADERS    -fvisibility=hidden -fpic  -g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-kt0bjq/r-base-4.2.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2  -c ssl.c -o ssl.o
gcc -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include -DSTRICT_R_HEADERS    -fvisibility=hidden -fpic  -g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-kt0bjq/r-base-4.2.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2  -c typechecking.c -o typechecking.o
gcc -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include -DSTRICT_R_HEADERS    -fvisibility=hidden -fpic  -g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-kt0bjq/r-base-4.2.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2  -c utils.c -o utils.o
gcc -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include -DSTRICT_R_HEADERS    -fvisibility=hidden -fpic  -g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-kt0bjq/r-base-4.2.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2  -c version.c -o version.o
gcc -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include -DSTRICT_R_HEADERS    -fvisibility=hidden -fpic  -g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-kt0bjq/r-base-4.2.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2  -c winidn.c -o winidn.o
gcc -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include -DSTRICT_R_HEADERS    -fvisibility=hidden -fpic  -g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-kt0bjq/r-base-4.2.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2  -c writer.c -o writer.o
gcc -shared -L/usr/lib/R/lib -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -Wl,-z,relro -o curl.so callbacks.o curl.o download.o escape.o fetch.o form.o getdate.o handle.o ieproxy.o init.o interrupt.o multi.o nslookup.o options.o reflist.o split.o ssl.o typechecking.o utils.o version.o winidn.o writer.o -L/usr/local/lib -lcurl -L/usr/lib/R/lib -lR
installing to /usr/local/lib/R/site-library/00LOCK-curl/00new/curl/libs
** R
** inst
** byte-compile and prepare package for lazy loading
** help
*** installing help indices
** building package indices
** installing vignettes
** testing if installed package can be loaded from temporary location
Error: le chargement du package ou de l'espace de noms a échoué pour ‘curl’ in dyn.load(file, DLLpath = DLLpath, ...) :
impossible de charger l'objet partagé '/usr/local/lib/R/site-library/00LOCK-curl/00new/curl/libs/curl.so':
  /usr/local/lib/R/site-library/00LOCK-curl/00new/curl/libs/curl.so: undefined symbol: curl_easy_option_next
Erreur : le chargement a échoué
Exécution arrêtée
ERROR: loading failed
* removing ‘/usr/local/lib/R/site-library/curl’
ERROR: dependency ‘curl’ is not available for package ‘httr’
* removing ‘/usr/local/lib/R/site-library/httr’
ERROR: dependency ‘httr’ is not available for package ‘tidyverse’
* removing ‘/usr/local/lib/R/site-library/tidyverse’

Les packages source téléchargés sont dans
        ‘/tmp/RtmpEF7uiP/downloaded_packages’
Messages d'avis :
1: Dans install.packages("tidyverse") :
  l'installation du package ‘curl’ a eu un statut de sortie non nul
2: Dans install.packages("tidyverse") :
  l'installation du package ‘httr’ a eu un statut de sortie non nul
3: Dans install.packages("tidyverse") :
  l'installation du package ‘tidyverse’ a eu un statut de sortie non nul

我想至少用古代版本的 curl 恢复整洁。