在 bash 中生成 html 邮件以与 mail 命令一起使用-解网

问：

我创建了一个简单的脚本，其中通过邮件发送特定信息，如下所示：

printf "Dear $i, please enable 2fa on $site.\n\n Your inital code: \n $code \n\n\n For detailed instructions visit:\n https://docs.nextcloud.com/server/latest/user_manual/en/user_2fa.html \n\n You must complete the above steps from instructions, otherwise you will not be able to log into your account a second time!\n\n Regards - Your Site Administrator from $site" | mail -s "Urgent notice from $site" $email -r $mail_from

我宁愿将这封邮件作为带有预定义变量的 html 发送。尝试创建一个简单的 html 文件，将其保存在本地并通过 cat 在脚本中读取：

template=`cat ./mail_template

mail_template的内容是：



Dear $i,

please enable 2fa on $site. This is very important to protect your identity.

Your inital code for logging in to your account the next time: 

$code

For detailed instructions please visit:
https://docs.nextcloud.com/server/latest/user_manual/en/user_2fa.html

You must complete the above steps from instructions, otherwise you will not be able to log into your account a second time!

In short you need to do the following steps:

1.) Log in to your account on $site using above code
2.) Enable 2FA as shown in the instruction ( link above )
3.) Enable security tokens as shown in instructions ( link above )

<bold>Attention!!!</bold>
Don't save security tokens to your Nextcloud File Storage. Put them in another safe( preferably encrypted ) place, or print them out and store them in a vault.


Regards - Your Site Administrator from $site

我在 mail_template 中包含了 html 和 body 标签。无法在此处显示它们，因为它搞砸了格式。

那么新的邮件语句是这样的：

printf "$template" | mail -a 'Content-Type: text/html' -s "Urgent notice from $site" $email -r $mail_from

不幸的是，这不起作用。mail_template中的变量被写成普通字符串，html标签也无法识别。

有什么方法如何以正确的方式做到这一点吗？谢谢。

干杯，托德布

HTML Bash 电子邮件

几点评论：仅 HTML 邮件可能会遇到送达率问题（标记为垃圾邮件），尤其是当它包含安全、密码、登录名等关键字时......除了非常简单的纯文本消息之外，shell 确实不是一个生成邮件的好环境。Python 或 Perl 是发送符合 MIME 标准的混合内容和消息的更合适的选择。或者只是为了填写简单的纯文本消息模板。text/plaintext/html

答：

0赞 Ivan 10/25/2023 #1

您可以像这样用于当前模板：envsubst

i=John
site=foo.com
code=123456
    
template=$(i="$i" site="$site" code="$code" envsubst < ./mail_template)
echo "$template"
Dear John,

please enable 2fa on foo.com. This is very important to protect your identity.

Your inital code for logging in to your account the next time: 

123456

For detailed instructions please visit:
...

或者更改模板以使其适合打印，如下所示：

template=$(cat ./mail_template)
echo "$template"
Dear %s,

please enable 2fa on %s. This is very important to protect your identity.

Your inital code for logging in to your account the next time: 

%s

For detailed instructions please visit:
...

然后像这样使用它：printf

printf "$template" "$i" "$site" "$code" | ...

另一种方法是使用，像这样更改模板：sed

Dear _name_,

please enable 2fa on _site_. This is very important to protect your identity.

Your inital code for logging in to your account the next time: 

_code_

For detailed instructions please visit:
...

并用于粘贴实际数据，而不是名称、站点和代码：sed

template=$(sed "s/_name_/$i/;s/_site_/$site/;s/_code_/$code/" ./mail_template)

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在 bash 中生成 html 邮件以与 mail 命令一起使用

Generate html mail in bash to use with mail command

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