提问人: 提问时间:7/15/2009 最后编辑:DᴀʀᴛʜVᴀᴅᴇʀ 更新时间:4/20/2017 访问量:24318
AppleScript 中的字符串操作
String manipulation in AppleScript
问:
我在 AppleScript 中面临的挑战是按如下方式操作字符串:
- 基本字符串是电子邮件收件人显示名称,例如:
First Last ([email protected])
- 我想“修剪”显示名称以删除括号中的实际电子邮件地址
- 所需的结果应该是 - 因此需要删除第一个支架前面的空间。
First Last
在 AppleScript 中执行此操作的最佳和最有效的方法是什么?
答:
set theSample to "First Last ([email protected])"
return trimEmailAddress(theSample)
-->Result: "First Last"
on trimEmailAddress(sourceAddress)
set AppleScript's text item delimiters to {" ("}
set addressParts to (every text item in sourceAddress) as list
set AppleScript's text item delimiters to ""
set nameOnly to item 1 of addressParts
return nameOnly
end trimEmailAddress
评论
set nameOnly to first text item of sourceAddress
addressParts
您可能希望使用更简单的解决方案,如下所示:
set theSample to "First Last ([email protected])"
on trimEmailAddress(sourceAddress)
set cutPosition to (offset of " (" in sourceAddress) - 1
return text 1 thru cutPosition of sourceAddress
end trimEmailAddress
return trimEmailAddress(theSample)
--> "First Last"
评论
我也会使用偏移量。 等效于 。text 1 thru 2 of "xyz"
items 1 thru 2 of "xyz" as string
set x to "First Last ([email protected])"
set pos to offset of " (" in x
{text 1 thru (pos - 1) of x, text (pos + 2) thru -2 of x}
据我所知,您不必恢复文本项分隔符。
set x to "First Last ([email protected])"
set text item delimiters to {" (", ")"}
set {fullname, email} to text items 1 thru 2 of x
如果其他人一般都在搜索字符串操作,以下是替换和拆分文本和联接列表的方法:
on replace(input, x, y)
set text item delimiters to x
set ti to text items of input
set text item delimiters to y
ti as text
end replace
on split(input, x)
if input does not contain x then return {input}
set text item delimiters to x
text items of input
end split
on join(input, x)
set text item delimiters to x
input as text
end join
默认情况下,字符串比较会忽略大小写:
"A" is "a" -- true
"ab" starts with "A" -- true
considering case
"A" is "a" -- false
"ab" starts with "A" -- false
end considering
反转文本:
reverse of items of "esrever" as text
你可以使用 do shell 脚本来改变文本的大小写:
do shell script "printf %s " & quoted form of "aä" & " | LC_CTYPE=UTF-8 tr [:lower:] [:upper:]" without altering line endings
默认情况下,echo 在 OS X 的 /bin/sh 中解释转义序列。您也可以使用 代替 . 使字符类包含一些非 ASCII 字符。如果省略,则换行符将替换为回车符,并删除输出末尾的换行符。shopt -u xpg_echo; echo -n
printf %s
LC_CTYPE=UTF-8
without altering line endings
paragraphs of
拆分 \n、\r 和 \r\n 周围的字符串。它不会剥离分隔符。
paragraphs of ("a" & linefeed & "b" & return & "c" & linefeed)
-- {"a", "b", "c", ""}
剪贴板的纯文本版本使用 CR 行结尾。这会将行尾转换为 LF:
set text item delimiters to linefeed
(paragraphs of (get the clipboard as text)) as text
Unicode text
与 10.5 等效,自 10.5 起:text
string
Unicode 和非 Unicode 文本之间不再有区别。正好有一个文本类,名为“text”:也就是说,“foo”的类返回文本。
评论