如何使用 Powershell 读取 XML 和写入 CSV？

请尝试以下操作：

using assembly System
using assembly System.Collections
using assembly System.Xml.Linq
using assembly System.IO

$inputFilename = "c:\temp\test.xml"
$outputFilename = "c:\temp\test.csv"


$doc = [System.Xml.Linq.XDocument]::Load($inputFilename)
$writer = New-Object System.IO.StreamWriter($outputFilename)
$header = "id,author,title,genre,price,publish,description"
$writer.Writeline($header)

$books = $doc.Descendants("book")

foreach($book in $books)
{
 
   $id =  $book.Attribute("id").Value
   $author = $book.Element("author").Value
   $title = $book.Element("title").Value
   $genre = $book.Element("genre").Value
   $price = $book.Element("price").Value
   $date = $book.Element("publish_date").Value
   $description = $book.Element("description").Value
   $lineArray = @($id,$author,$title,$genre,$price,$date,$description)
   Write-Host $lineArray
   $line = [String]::Join(",", $lineArray)
   Write-Host $line
   $writer.Writeline($line)
}
$writer.Flush()
$writer.Close()

我更新下面的代码

1. 在字段两边添加了双引号，因为数据包含逗号。

2. 合并的描述字段，以使用正则表达式删除回车符和多余空格。

   使用装配系统 使用程序集 System.Collections 使用程序集 System.Xml.Linq 使用程序集 System.IO 使用程序集 System.Text.RegularExpressions

   $inputFilename = “c：\temp\test.xml” $outputFilename = “c：\temp\test.csv”

   $doc = [System.Xml.Linq.XDocument]：：Load（$inputFilename） $writer = New-Object System.IO.StreamWriter（$outputFilename） $headerArray = @（“id”，“作者”，“标题”，“流派”，“价格”，“发布”，“描述”） $header = [String]：：Join（“”“，”“”， $headerArray） $writer。写线（“”“” + $header + “”“”）

   $books = $doc。后代（“书”）

   foreach（$book in $books） {

   $id =  $book.Attribute("id").Value
   $author = $book.Element("author").Value
   $title = $book.Element("title").Value
   $genre = $book.Element("genre").Value
   $price = $book.Element("price").Value
   $date = $book.Element("publish_date").Value
   $description = $book.Element("description").Value
   $description = [System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex]::Replace($description, "\s+", " ");
   $lineArray = @($id,$author,$title,$genre,$price,$date,$description)
   #Write-Host $lineArray
   $line = """" + [String]::Join(""",""", $lineArray) + """" 
   #Write-Host $line
   $writer.Writeline($line)
   

   } $writer。刷新（） $writer。关闭（）

Import-Clixml 不用于导入任意 XML 文档;它仅设计用于处理包含 CLIXML 数据的 XML 文档，CLIXML 数据是一种基于 XML 的序列化格式，用于表示用于跨进程通信的 .NET 类型实例，例如由 Export-Clixml 生成。CLIXML 通常在 PowerShell 远程处理（以及更一般的跨进程通信）中后台使用。

也许令人惊讶的是，没有用于导入任意 XML 文档的通用 cmdlet（但是，有一个用于从 XML 文档中查询和提取数据的 cmdlet，即 Select-Xml）。

您必须使用类型 （System.Xml.XmlDocument） 将 XML 数据导入 DOM，然后允许您将数据转换为不同的格式：[xml]

# Load and parse the XML file into a DOM.
($xmlDoc = [xml]::new()).Load((Convert-Path books.xml))

# Export the book child elements of the catalog element to a CSV file.
$xmlDoc.catalog.book | Export-Csv books.csv

# Parse the CSV file into objects ([pscustomobject] instances)
# and output them to the console with friendly formatting.
Import-Csv books.csv

注意：在 Windows PowerShell 中，请考虑与 Export-Csv 以及用于控制输出字符编码的参数一起使用，默认为 ASCII（！）。幸运的是，在 PowerShell （Core） 中，7+ 现在是隐含的，默认字符编码是（无 BOM）UTF-8。-NoTypeInformation-Encoding-NoTypeInformation

输出：

id           : bk101
author       : Gambardella, Matthew
title        : XML Developer's Guide
genre        : Computer
price        : 44.95
publish_date : 2000-10-01
description  : An in-depth look at creating applications 
                     with XML.

id           : bk102
author       : Ralls, Kim
title        : Midnight Rain
genre        : Fantasy
price        : 5.95
publish_date : 2000-12-16
description  : A former architect battles corporate zombies, 
                     an evil sorceress, and her own childhood to become queen 
                     of the world.

id           : bk103
author       : Corets, Eva
title        : Maeve Ascendant
genre        : Fantasy
price        : 5.95
publish_date : 2000-11-17
description  : After the collapse of a nanotechnology 
                     society in England, the young survivors lay the 
                     foundation for a new society.

id           : bk104
author       : Corets, Eva
title        : Oberon's Legacy
genre        : Fantasy
price        : 5.95
publish_date : 2001-03-10
description  : In post-apocalypse England, the mysterious 
                     agent known only as Oberon helps to create a new life 
                     for the inhabitants of London. Sequel to Maeve 
                     Ascendant.

id           : bk105
author       : Corets, Eva
title        : The Sundered Grail
genre        : Fantasy
price        : 5.95
publish_date : 2001-09-10
description  : The two daughters of Maeve, half-sisters, 
                     battle one another for control of England. Sequel to 
                     Oberon's Legacy.

id           : bk106
author       : Randall, Cynthia
title        : Lover Birds
genre        : Romance
price        : 4.95
publish_date : 2000-09-02
description  : When Carla meets Paul at an ornithology 
                     conference, tempers fly as feathers get ruffled.

id           : bk107
author       : Thurman, Paula
title        : Splish Splash
genre        : Romance
price        : 4.95
publish_date : 2000-11-02
description  : A deep sea diver finds true love twenty 
                     thousand leagues beneath the sea.

id           : bk108
author       : Knorr, Stefan
title        : Creepy Crawlies
genre        : Horror
price        : 4.95
publish_date : 2000-12-06
description  : An anthology of horror stories about roaches,
                     centipedes, scorpions  and other insects.

id           : bk109
author       : Kress, Peter
title        : Paradox Lost
genre        : Science Fiction
price        : 6.95
publish_date : 2000-11-02
description  : After an inadvertant trip through a Heisenberg
                     Uncertainty Device, James Salway discovers the problems 
                     of being quantum.

id           : bk110
author       : O'Brien, Tim
title        : Microsoft .NET: The Programming Bible
genre        : Computer
price        : 36.95
publish_date : 2000-12-09
description  : Microsoft's .NET initiative is explored in 
                     detail in this deep programmer's reference.

id           : bk111
author       : O'Brien, Tim
title        : MSXML3: A Comprehensive Guide
genre        : Computer
price        : 36.95
publish_date : 2000-12-01
description  : The Microsoft MSXML3 parser is covered in 
                     detail, with attention to XML DOM interfaces, XSLT processing, 
                     SAX and more.

id           : bk112
author       : Galos, Mike
title        : Visual Studio 7: A Comprehensive Guide
genre        : Computer
price        : 49.95
publish_date : 2001-04-16
description  : Microsoft Visual Studio 7 is explored in depth,
                     looking at how Visual Basic, Visual C++, C#, and ASP+ are 
                     integrated into a comprehensive development 
                     environment.