提问人:pacomet 提问时间:4/27/2012 最后编辑:tjebopacomet 更新时间:11/20/2022 访问量:396724
为 ggplot2 线图添加图例
Add legend to ggplot2 line plot
问:
我有一个关于 ggplot2 中的图例的问题。我设法在同一张图中绘制了三条线,并想添加一个使用三种颜色的图例。这是使用的代码
library(ggplot2)
## edit from original post - removed lines that downloaded data from broken link. Data snippet now below.
## Here a subset as used by [Brian Diggs in their answer](https://stackoverflow.com/a/10355844/7941188)
datos <- structure(list(fecha = structure(c(1317452400, 1317538800, 1317625200, 1317711600, 1317798000, 1317884400, 1317970800, 1318057200, 1318143600, 1318230000, 1318316400, 1318402800, 1318489200, 1318575600, 1318662000, 1318748400, 1318834800, 1318921200, 1319007600, 1319094000), class = c("POSIXct", "POSIXt"), tzone = ""), TempMax = c(26.58, 27.78, 27.9, 27.44, 30.9, 30.44, 27.57, 25.71, 25.98, 26.84, 33.58, 30.7, 31.3, 27.18, 26.58, 26.18, 25.19, 24.19, 27.65, 23.92), TempMedia = c(22.88, 22.87, 22.41, 21.63, 22.43, 22.29, 21.89, 20.52, 19.71, 20.73, 23.51, 23.13, 22.95, 21.95, 21.91, 20.72, 20.45, 19.42, 19.97, 19.61), TempMin = c(
19.34, 19.14, 18.34, 17.49, 16.75, 16.75, 16.88, 16.82, 14.82, 16.01, 16.88, 17.55, 16.75, 17.22, 19.01,
16.95, 17.55, 15.21, 14.22, 16.42
)), .Names = c(
"fecha", "TempMax",
"TempMedia", "TempMin"
), row.names = c(NA, 20L), class = "data.frame")
ggplot(data = datos, aes(x = fecha, y = TempMax, colour = "1")) +
geom_line(colour = "red") +
geom_line(aes(x = fecha, y = TempMedia, colour = "2"), colour = "green") +
geom_line(aes(x = fecha, y = TempMin, colour = "2"), colour = "blue") +
scale_y_continuous(limits = c(-10, 40)) +
scale_colour_manual(values = c("red", "green", "blue")) +
labs(title = "TITULO", x = NULL, y = "Temperatura (C)")
我想添加一个图例,其中包含使用的三种颜色和变量的名称(TempMax、TempMedia 和 TempMin)。我试过了,但找不到确切的方法。scale_colour_manual
答:
我倾向于发现,如果我在多个几何图形中指定单个颜色,我就做错了。以下是我绘制数据的方式:
library(ggplot2)
library(tidyr)
dd_tidyr <- pivot_longer(datos, cols = -fecha, names_to = "Temperature")
剩下的就是一个简单的 ggplot 命令:
ggplot(dd_tidyr) +
geom_line(aes(x = fecha, y = value, colour = Temperature)) +
scale_colour_manual(values = c("red", "green", "blue"))
还有其他方法可以重塑数据。一种被取代的方法是使用现已停用的 {reshape2} 包。
library(reshape2)
dd = melt(datos, id=c("fecha"))
评论
tidyr::pivot_longer()
由于@Etienne被问到如何在不融化数据的情况下做到这一点(这通常是首选方法,但我认识到在某些情况下可能是不可能的),因此我提出了以下替代方案。
从原始数据的子集开始:
datos <-
structure(list(fecha = structure(c(1317452400, 1317538800, 1317625200,
1317711600, 1317798000, 1317884400, 1317970800, 1318057200, 1318143600,
1318230000, 1318316400, 1318402800, 1318489200, 1318575600, 1318662000,
1318748400, 1318834800, 1318921200, 1319007600, 1319094000), class = c("POSIXct",
"POSIXt"), tzone = ""), TempMax = c(26.58, 27.78, 27.9, 27.44,
30.9, 30.44, 27.57, 25.71, 25.98, 26.84, 33.58, 30.7, 31.3, 27.18,
26.58, 26.18, 25.19, 24.19, 27.65, 23.92), TempMedia = c(22.88,
22.87, 22.41, 21.63, 22.43, 22.29, 21.89, 20.52, 19.71, 20.73,
23.51, 23.13, 22.95, 21.95, 21.91, 20.72, 20.45, 19.42, 19.97,
19.61), TempMin = c(19.34, 19.14, 18.34, 17.49, 16.75, 16.75,
16.88, 16.82, 14.82, 16.01, 16.88, 17.55, 16.75, 17.22, 19.01,
16.95, 17.55, 15.21, 14.22, 16.42)), .Names = c("fecha", "TempMax",
"TempMedia", "TempMin"), row.names = c(NA, 20L), class = "data.frame")
您可以通过以下方式获得所需的效果(这也清理了原始绘图代码):
ggplot(data = datos, aes(x = fecha)) +
geom_line(aes(y = TempMax, colour = "TempMax")) +
geom_line(aes(y = TempMedia, colour = "TempMedia")) +
geom_line(aes(y = TempMin, colour = "TempMin")) +
scale_colour_manual("",
breaks = c("TempMax", "TempMedia", "TempMin"),
values = c("red", "green", "blue")) +
xlab(" ") +
scale_y_continuous("Temperatura (C)", limits = c(-10,40)) +
labs(title="TITULO")
这个想法是通过将美学映射到一个恒定的字符串来赋予每条线一种颜色。选择要在图例中显示的字符串是最简单的。在这种情况下,它与正在绘制的变量的名称相同这一事实并不重要;它可以是任何一组字符串。这在通话中非常重要;您正在创建到此“变量”的映射。colour
y
aes
scale_colour_manual
现在可以将这些字符串映射到适当的颜色。结果是
在某些情况下,需要通过命名手动刻度中的值来明确级别和颜色之间的映射(感谢 @DaveRGP 指出这一点):
ggplot(data = datos, aes(x = fecha)) +
geom_line(aes(y = TempMax, colour = "TempMax")) +
geom_line(aes(y = TempMedia, colour = "TempMedia")) +
geom_line(aes(y = TempMin, colour = "TempMin")) +
scale_colour_manual("",
values = c("TempMedia"="green", "TempMax"="red",
"TempMin"="blue")) +
xlab(" ") +
scale_y_continuous("Temperatura (C)", limits = c(-10,40)) +
labs(title="TITULO")
(给出与以前相同的数字)。使用命名值时,可以使用中断符在图例中设置顺序,并且可以在值中使用任何顺序。
ggplot(data = datos, aes(x = fecha)) +
geom_line(aes(y = TempMax, colour = "TempMax")) +
geom_line(aes(y = TempMedia, colour = "TempMedia")) +
geom_line(aes(y = TempMin, colour = "TempMin")) +
scale_colour_manual("",
breaks = c("TempMedia", "TempMax", "TempMin"),
values = c("TempMedia"="green", "TempMax"="red",
"TempMin"="blue")) +
xlab(" ") +
scale_y_continuous("Temperatura (C)", limits = c(-10,40)) +
labs(title="TITULO")
评论
scale_colour_manual("", values = c("TempMax" = "red", "TempMedia" = "green", "TempMin" = "blue"))
我真的很喜欢 @Brian Diggs 提出的解决方案。然而,就我而言,我在循环中创建线图,而不是明确给出它们,因为我不知道先验地知道我将有多少个图。当我尝试调整@Brian的代码时,我在正确处理颜色时遇到了一些问题。原来我需要修改美学功能。如果有人遇到同样的问题,这里是对我有用的代码。
我使用了与@Brian相同的数据框:
data <- structure(list(month = structure(c(1317452400, 1317538800, 1317625200, 1317711600,
1317798000, 1317884400, 1317970800, 1318057200,
1318143600, 1318230000, 1318316400, 1318402800,
1318489200, 1318575600, 1318662000, 1318748400,
1318834800, 1318921200, 1319007600, 1319094000),
class = c("POSIXct", "POSIXt"), tzone = ""),
TempMax = c(26.58, 27.78, 27.9, 27.44, 30.9, 30.44, 27.57, 25.71,
25.98, 26.84, 33.58, 30.7, 31.3, 27.18, 26.58, 26.18,
25.19, 24.19, 27.65, 23.92),
TempMed = c(22.88, 22.87, 22.41, 21.63, 22.43, 22.29, 21.89, 20.52,
19.71, 20.73, 23.51, 23.13, 22.95, 21.95, 21.91, 20.72,
20.45, 19.42, 19.97, 19.61),
TempMin = c(19.34, 19.14, 18.34, 17.49, 16.75, 16.75, 16.88, 16.82,
14.82, 16.01, 16.88, 17.55, 16.75, 17.22, 19.01, 16.95,
17.55, 15.21, 14.22, 16.42)),
.Names = c("month", "TempMax", "TempMed", "TempMin"),
row.names = c(NA, 20L), class = "data.frame")
就我而言,我是动态生成的,但我不想让事情变得不必要地复杂,所以我在这里明确地给出它们。这三行使图例的排序和颜色分配更加容易。my.cols
my.names
my.cols <- heat.colors(3, alpha=1)
my.names <- c("TempMin", "TempMed", "TempMax")
names(my.cols) <- my.names
这是情节:
p <- ggplot(data, aes(x = month))
for (i in 1:3){
p <- p + geom_line(aes_(y = as.name(names(data[i+1])), colour =
colnames(data[i+1])))#as.character(my.names[i])))
}
p + scale_colour_manual("",
breaks = as.character(my.names),
values = my.cols)
p
评论
ggplot
另一个选项使用 .关键是在每个 .在中,您可以提及每种颜色并添加您想要的颜色。下面是一个可重现的例子:scale_color_identity
aes
geom_line
scale_color_identity
breaks
labels
library(ggplot2)
temp = ggplot(data = datos, aes(x = fecha)) +
geom_line(aes(y = TempMax, colour = "red")) +
geom_line(aes(y = TempMedia, colour = "green")) +
geom_line(aes(y = TempMin, colour = "blue")) +
labs(title="TITULO") +
ylab("Temperatura (C)") +
xlab(" ") +
scale_y_continuous(limits = c(-10,40)) +
scale_color_identity(name = '',
breaks = c('red', 'green', 'blue'),
labels = c("TempMax", "TempMedia", "TempMin"),
guide = 'legend')
temp
创建于 2022-11-19,使用 reprex v2.0.2
评论