如何使用 Windows 命令行下载文件而无需输入代理密码？

How do I download a file using windows command line without having to input a proxy password?

提问人：Sybuser 提问时间：8/14/2020 最后编辑：Sybuser 更新时间：1/9/2023 访问量：3605

问：

在查看了各种 stackoverflow 问题后，我找到了几种无需用户交互即可从命令行下载文件的方法。

唯一对我有用的也仅适用于 Windows 10 本机：

curl -sko %TEMP%\file.txt "https://some.hostname/file.txt"

但是安装像 wget/curl 这样的外部工具是我想避免的。

由于代理错误，什么对我不起作用：

命令：

bitsadmin.exe /transfer "dljob" "https://some.hostname/file.txt" %TEMP%\file.txt

错误：

DISPLAY: 'dljob' TYPE: DOWNLOAD STATE: ERROR
PRIORITY: NORMAL FILES: 0 / 1 BYTES: 0 / UNKNOWN
Unable to complete transfer.
ERROR FILE:    https://some.hostname/file.txt -> E:\Users\xxx\AppData\Local\Temp\file.txt
ERROR CODE:    0x80190197
ERROR CONTEXT: 0x00000005

命令：

powershell -Command "(New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadFile('https://some.hostname/file.txt', '%TEMP%\file.txt')"

错误：

Exception calling "DownloadFile" with "2" argument(s): "The remote server returned an error: (407) Proxy Authentication Required."
At line:1 char:1
+ (New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadFile('https://some.hostname/file.txt ...
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : NotSpecified: (:) [], MethodInvocationException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : WebException

命令：

powershell -Command "Invoke-WebRequest 'https://some.hostname/file.txt' -OutFile %TEMP%\file.txt

错误：

Invoke-WebRequest :
Authentication required
You must be authenticated to access this URL.
...
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT; Windows NT 10.0; en-US) WindowsPowerShell/5.1.17763.1007
At line:1 char:1
+ Invoke-WebRequest 'https://some.hostname/file.txt ...
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : InvalidOperation: (System.Net.HttpWebRequest:HttpWebRequest) [Invoke-WebRequest], WebException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : WebCmdletWebResponseException,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.InvokeWebRequestCommand

这也没有用：

powershell -Command "$client.Credentials = Get-Credential; $browser.Proxy.Credentials =[System.Net.CredentialCache]::DefaultNetworkCredentials; (New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadFile('https://some.hostname/file.txt', 'file.txt')"

错误：

cmdlet Get-Credential at command pipeline position 1
Supply values for the following parameters:
Credential

Get-Credential : Cannot process command because of one or more missing mandatory parameters: Credential.
At line:1 char:23
+ $client.Credentials = Get-Credential; $browser.Proxy.Credentials =[Sy ...
+                       ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : InvalidArgument: (:) [Get-Credential], ParameterBindingException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : MissingMandatoryParameter,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.GetCredentialCommand

The property 'Credentials' cannot be found on this object. Verify that the property exists and can be set.
At line:1 char:39
+ ... Credential; $browser.Proxy.Credentials =[System.Net.CredentialCache]: ...
+                 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : InvalidOperation: (:) [], RuntimeException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : PropertyNotFound

Exception calling "DownloadFile" with "2" argument(s): "The remote server returned an error: (407) Proxy
Authentication Required."
At line:1 char:124
+ ... redentials; (New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadFile('https://some.hostname ...
+                 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : NotSpecified: (:) [], MethodInvocationException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : WebException
Windows PowerShell 命令行 HTTP 代理

评论

1赞 CrookedJ 8/14/2020
这取决于您的代理。您可以存储凭据并将其传递给Invoke-WebRequest -ProxyCredential $Credentials
1赞 CrookedJ 8/14/2020
还要看看这个答案是否适合你
0赞 Sybuser 8/14/2020
它在 powershell 中工作，但是否可以将其传递给 powershell -Command “...” ？
0赞 Walter Mitty 8/14/2020
脚本如何证明其凭据？

答：

1赞 Hackoo 8/14/2020 #1

请参阅此问题：使用 Powershell 和代理访问 Web

您可以在 Powershell 中尝试类似操作，并假设您已经创建了一个名为 ：C:\Test

$url = "https://www.google.com/images/branding/googlelogo/1x/googlelogo_color_272x92dp.png"
$file = "C:\Test\" + $url.Split("/")[-1]
$wb = New-Object System.Net.WebClient
$wb.Proxy.Credentials =[System.Net.CredentialCache]::DefaultNetworkCredentials
$wb.DownloadFile($url,$file)

编辑 ： 14/08/2020 @17：08

我在 Windows Powershell ISE 上尝试过这个，它可以工作 5/5 ：

cls
$start_time = Get-Date
$url = "https://cdn2.unrealengine.com/Fortnite%2FBoogieDown_GIF-1f2be97208316867da7d3cf5217c2486da3c2fe6.gif"
$Folder = "$Env:Temp\DownloadFolder"

# We create a SubFolder Named "DownloadFolder" in the temporary file %Temp% if it doesn't exists yet !
If ((Test-Path -Path $Folder) -eq 0) { New-Item -Path $Folder -ItemType Directory | Out-Null }

# We can get the name of the file to be downloaded from the variable $url
# $url = "https://www.google.com/images/branding/googlelogo/1x/googlelogo_color_272x92dp.png"
# In our case the FileName will be = "googlelogo_color_272x92dp.png" or 
# Fortnite%2FBoogieDown_GIF-1f2be97208316867da7d3cf5217c2486da3c2fe6.gif
$file = $Folder+ "\" + $url.Split("/")[-1]

Try 
    {
      $wb = New-Object System.Net.WebClient
      $wb.Proxy.Credentials =[System.Net.CredentialCache]::DefaultNetworkCredentials
      $wb.DownloadFile($url,$file) 
      # better use Invoke-Item $Folder instead of ii          
      Invoke-Item $Folder 
      Write-Output "Running Script Time taken is : $((Get-Date).Subtract($start_time).Milliseconds) millisecond(s)"
    }

Catch 
    {
      Write-Host "Error from $url" `n"Message: [$($_.Exception.Message)"] -ForegroundColor Red -BackgroundColor DarkBlue
    }

评论

0赞 Sybuser 8/14/2020
对我不起作用：使用“2”参数调用“DownloadFile”时出现异常：“WebClient 请求期间发生异常。在 X：\test.ps1：5 char：1 + $wb。DownloadFile（$url，$file） + ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + CategoryInfo：NotSpecified：（:) []，MethodInvocationException + FullyQualifiedErrorId：WebException
0赞 Hackoo 8/14/2020
创建一个文件夹并重新运行脚本！因为我在名为 c：\Test 的文件夹下测试了它C:\Test
0赞 Sybuser 8/14/2020
好的，它在创建文件夹后在 PowerShell 中工作。我正在寻找的是“一键式”解决方案，但即使我右键单击“使用 PowerShell 运行”，我也会出现错误，但即使它有效，最终用户也不会满意。
0赞 Sybuser 8/14/2020
Set-ExecutionPolicy：Windows PowerShell 已成功更新执行策略，但该设置被在更具体范围内定义的策略覆盖。由于重写，shell 将保留其当前有效的 RemoteSigned 执行策略。键入“Get-ExecutionPolicy -List”以查看执行策略设置。有关详细信息，请参阅“Get-Help Set-ExecutionPolicy”。
0赞 Sybuser 8/14/2020
在 line：1 char：46 + ... -ne 'AllSigned'） { Set-ExecutionPolicy -Scope 进程旁路 };& 'U ... + ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + CategoryInfo ： PermissionDenied： （:) [Set-ExecutionPolicy]， SecurityException + FullyQualifiedErrorId ： ExecutionPolicyOverride，Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.SetExecutionPolicyCommand
1赞 Sybuser 8/14/2020 #2

这对我有用：

powershell -Command "[System.Net.WebRequest]::DefaultWebProxy = [System.Net.WebRequest]::GetSystemWebProxy(); [System.Net.WebRequest]::DefaultWebProxy.Credentials = [System.Net.CredentialCache]::DefaultNetworkCredentials; (New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadFile('https://some.hostname/file.txt', 'file.txt')"

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