fread 从二进制文件读取记录时返回< 1

fread Returns < 1 While Reading Record from Binary File

提问人:airvector222 提问时间:4/25/2014 更新时间:4/25/2014 访问量:537

问:

我正在尝试从二进制文件中读取学生记录 (SREC)。该文件确保包含 l 个完整记录(上一次运行写入文件)。在我的输出中,我收到两次“错误:无法从文件中读取记录”语句,用于两条记录。顶部的 printf(Reading record, numR) 显示 3 次,所以我知道 while 循环在应该达到 eof 时被输入了 3 次。

有什么想法吗? 提前致谢!

/*Create and populate all 4 lists if lname list exists from previous usage*/
     if((readL = fopen("last", "rb")) == NULL)
     {
        printf("\nNew file will be created after server terminates.\n");
        created = 1;
     }
     else
        {           
        created = 0;

/*Read in record from binary file*/
        while(!feof(readL))
        {
            numR++;         
printf("Reading record %d\n", numR);

            /*Create new temporary SREC*/
            newSREC = (SREC*)malloc(sizeof(SREC));
            newSREC2 = (SREC*)malloc(sizeof(SREC));
            newSREC3 = (SREC*)malloc(sizeof(SREC));
            newSREC4 = (SREC*)malloc(sizeof(SREC));

            /*Read in one record from file*/
            if(fread(newSREC, sizeof(SREC), 1, readL) < 1)
            {
                newSREC2 = newSREC;
                newSREC3 = newSREC;
                newSREC4 = newSREC;

                firstL = insert(newSREC, 1, firstL);
                firstF = insert(newSREC2, 2, firstF);
                firstS = insert(newSREC3, 3, firstS);
                firstG = insert(newSREC4, 4, firstG);
            }
            else
            {
                printf("ERROR: Could not read record from file.\n");
            }
        }

        fclose(readL);
    }
C file-IO binaryFiles fread feof

评论

0赞 Jongware 4/25/2014
相关新闻: stackoverflow.com/questions/6061374/...
0赞 Deduplicator 4/25/2014
另外,不要投射 malloc(和朋友)的结果
0赞 Barmar 4/25/2014
“while( !feof( file ) )” 的可能重复总是错误的
0赞 Jonathan Leffler 4/25/2014
问题不直接在于,尽管那里的注释当然适用。while (!feof(readL))

答:

0赞 Deduplicator 4/25/2014 #1

EOF 的错误指示器仅在尝试读取超出范围时设置。

测试您阅读的位置是否成功读取。

在您的示例中,测试是否正好读取 1 条记录。

0赞 Chnossos 4/25/2014 #2

从手册页:fread

fread() 不区分文件末尾和错误,调用者必须使用 feof(3) 和 ferror(3) 来确定是哪个发生了。

将您的测试更改为以下内容:

while (fread(...) > 0)
    // ...

if (ferror(file))
    // an error happened
1赞 Jonathan Leffler 4/25/2014 #3

表面问题

从表面上看,此代码的反转了错误检测:

if (fread(newSREC, sizeof(SREC), 1, readL) < 1)
{
    newSREC2 = newSREC;
    newSREC3 = newSREC;
    newSREC4 = newSREC;

    firstL = insert(newSREC, 1, firstL);
    firstF = insert(newSREC2, 2, firstF);
    firstS = insert(newSREC3, 3, firstS);
    firstG = insert(newSREC4, 4, firstG);
}
else
{
    printf("ERROR: Could not read record from file.\n");
}

如果读取完整记录,则返回值为 1;否则为零。您应该使用:fread()

if (fread(newSREC, sizeof(SREC), 1, readL) == 1)

深入研究

循环不应该使用 — see while (!feof(file)) 总是错的。您应该使用类似的东西:feof()

SREC srec;
while ((fread(&srec, sizeof(srec), 1, readL) == 1)
{
    SREC *newSREC1 = malloc(sizeof(*newSREC1));
    SREC *newSREC2 = malloc(sizeof(*newSREC2));
    SREC *newSREC3 = malloc(sizeof(*newSREC3));
    SREC *newSREC4 = malloc(sizeof(*newSREC4));
    if (newSREC1 == 0 || newSREC2 == 0 || newSREC3 == 0 || newSREC4 == 0)
    {
        free(newSREC1);
        free(newSREC2);
        free(newSREC3);
        free(newSREC4);
        …report error…
        break;
    }
    *newSREC1 = srec;
    *newSREC2 = srec;
    *newSREC3 = srec;
    *newSREC4 = srec;

    firstL = insert(newSREC1, 1, firstL);
    firstF = insert(newSREC2, 2, firstF);
    firstS = insert(newSREC3, 3, firstS);
    firstG = insert(newSREC4, 4, firstG);
}

// Optional analysis of why the loop ended — feof() vs ferror() vs short read

代码会泄漏内存,就像永远不会缺少内存一样。分配 etc 后,它会用指向 的指针覆盖指针。任务 应为:newSREC2newSREC1

*newSREC2 = *newSREC; // Original code — see above for revision

我注意到,您不能在一个数组中分配所有 4 条记录,因为您几乎肯定需要能够独立释放这 4 条记录。这在代码中留下了很多重复。