如何使用 R 或 QGIS 在不规则曲线内查找直线段

问：

我有一个 shapefile （EPSG：4326 - WGS 84），其中包含许多具有线串几何形状的特征，我真的很想将每条线（如上传的图片中所示的那条，要使用的线串几何示例）分成几个段，每次线的“形状”发生变化时。 可能可以使用连接 2 个连续点的线创建的角度（也许方位角变化量应该是最合适的测量），但我不确定。不同段的方向可能是完全随机的，所以我建议不要考虑这个参数。 最终目标应该是识别以蓝色圈出的直线段，这些线段应平行于其他形状文件（表示海里限制）的线串几何。 这个问题可以使用R或QGIS解决吗？

我已经在QGIS中尝试了一些算法，例如“分解线”，或者在R定义函数中编写一些代码，以根据角度阈值检查线段是否是直的，但没有任何效果。

我需要找到我不规则曲线的“直线”。我应该获取的线段没有固定的长度，并且 shapefile 的每个线要素中的线段数可以是可变的。

dput(first_line_feature)
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